The Body in Action Coordination Mr G Davidson

Coordination Our nervous system controls every action we make, although we may not be aware of it at the time. Most activities require us to move more than one part of our bodies at a time in a controlled way. 16/11/2018 G Davidson

The Eye The eye is the sense organ used to detect light. Our eyes allow us to judge distances. 16/11/2018 G Davidson

The Eye 16/11/2018 G Davidson

The Eye 16/11/2018 G Davidson

The Eye Part Function Iris Controls amount of light entering the eye. Lens Focussing. Cornea Allows light into the eye. Pupil Allows light through the iris. Retina Picks up images. Optic nerve Transmits images to the brain. 16/11/2018 G Davidson

Binocular Vision Accurate judgement of distance is required throughout our daily lives and binocular vision aids this. Our eyes are set in the front of our heads. 16/11/2018 G Davidson

Binocular Vision This gives binocular vision and allows us to see things in 3D which helps us to judge how far away an object is. Each eye sees a slightly different view of an object and so two sets of impulses are sent to the brain. The brain puts these two views together so that the object is seen as something that is 3D rather than flat. 16/11/2018 G Davidson

The Ear We use our ears to detect sound and help us to judge the direction of sound. The ear has many parts, each with a particular function. 16/11/2018 G Davidson

The Ear 16/11/2018 G Davidson

The Ear 16/11/2018 G Davidson

The Ear Part Function Eardrum Vibrates as sound waves hit it. Ossicles Transmits vibrations to inner ear. Cochlea Determines pitch. Auditory nerve Transmits messages to the brain. Semi-circular canals Balance. 16/11/2018 G Davidson

Rotation and Balance Information is sent from our semi-circular canals to the brain to control our balance. There is fluid in these canals which moves when the head moves. How well you balance is sometimes affected by the kinds of movement made. The three canals are arranged at right angles to each other. 16/11/2018 G Davidson

Central Nervous System Our nervous system controls our body and consists of the brain, spinal cord and nerves. Nerves contain many nerve cells. The brain and spinal cord together make up the Central Nervous System (C.N.S.) Information is passed along nerves to the C.N.S. in the form of electrical messages called IMPULSES. 16/11/2018 G Davidson

Central Nervous System Our sense organs detect information from our surroundings. The information is the stimulus which triggers off a nerve impulse. This impulse is carried along a sensory nerve cell to the C.N.S. The information is sorted out in the C.N.S. and another impulse is then sent along a motor nerve cell to the muscles. The muscles contract and this is called a RESPONSE. 16/11/2018 G Davidson

Brain The brain is the control centre in the C.N.S. and is made up of 3 parts: Cerebrum Cerebellum Medulla 16/11/2018 G Davidson

Brain 16/11/2018 G Davidson

Brain 16/11/2018 G Davidson

Brain Part Function Cerebellum Controls Balance Medulla Controls vital functions Cerebrum Conscious thought, reasoning, memory 16/11/2018 G Davidson

Reflex Actions A reflex action is a rapid automatic response to a stimulus. It is an involuntary action, which does not always involve the brain. They happen so fast that there is often no time for them to reach the brain. 16/11/2018 G Davidson

Reflex Actions Often the impulses only go to the spinal cord and the brain becomes aware of the action only after it has happened. E.g. knee jerk, blinking, iris changing, etc.. Reflex actions protect parts of our body from serious damage. The reflex arc is an arrangement of nerve cells which makes sure that we react quickly to hazardous stimuli. 16/11/2018 G Davidson

Reflex Arc 16/11/2018 G Davidson

Reflex Arc 16/11/2018 G Davidson

Reaction Times We can improve our reaction times through practice. How quick are you? Test your reaction times. Reaction timer 16/11/2018 G Davidson