JOSEPH STALIN

Joseph Stalin “Man of Steel” Lenin thought he was “dangerous” After Lenin’s death became rival of Leon Trotsky for control of the Communist Party General Secretary of the Communist Party Moved his men into key positions - created and broke political alliances as needed By 1928 Stalin was in total control of the Communist Party

Leon Trotsky Forced into exile in Mexico Assassinated by Soviet Agent

TOTALITARIANISM A government that takes, total, centralized control over every aspect of public and private life.

TOTALITARIAN STATE DICTATORSHIP AND ONE-PARTY RULE DYNAMIC LEADER IDEOLOGY STATE CONTROL OVER ALL SECTORS OF SOCIETY (Censorship) STATE CONTROL OVER THE INDIVIDUAL ORGANIZED VIOLENCE

Great Purge 1934 - 1939 Campaign of terror directed at eliminating anyone who threatened his power Thousands of old Bolsheviks who helped stage the Revolution in 1917 were executed Millions of people are executed To defeat his rivals, he created and broke political alliances as needed, imprisoning or executing his rivals.

GREAT PURGE

Command Economy “FIVE YEAR PLAN” Government makes all economic decisions Industrial Revolution: rapid industrial growth in heavy industry and strengthening of military (Did so at the expense of consumer goods) Agricultural Revolution: Government siezed all privately owned farms and organized them into large “collective farms.”

FIVE YEAR PLAN Main goal of stalin was to build up heavy industry

Results Secret Police Stalin used terror and violence to force peasants to work on the farms Government takes most of the production 5 - 10 million peasants die as a result of the Agricultural Revolution Millions more are sent to Siberia Strongest resistance - kulaks (wealthy peasants) Stalin eliminated them.

Weapons of Totalitarianism Police Terror Indoctrination Propaganda Censorship Religious Persecution

Benefits Expanded women’s roles Facilitated better education for both men and women Expanded university and technical training opportunities - especially in the areas of skilled workers.