Drugs acting on Nervous system Hyoscyamus

Monograph of the CNS Drug Objectives On completion of this period you would be able to learn about the Monograph of the CNS Drug HYOSCYAMUS

Known to Unknown Have you seen Datura plant in your collage campus? To which family it belongs to ? Can you give other example of Solanaceae drug? Does Hyoscyamus belongs to Solanaceae ?

Syn: Henbane HYOSCYAMUS Biological Source: It consists of dried leaves or flowering tops of Hyoscyamus niger Family : Solanaceae Geographical Source: It is a native of West Asia, North Africa, Europe and India. Also cultivated in Russia, Belgium and Hungary Fig.29.1

Cultivation And Collection Done in temperate at an altitude of 2400-3300m Seeds are sown in small seed beds and seedling are raised Seedlings are transplanted in fields in May by keeping a distance of half meter Leaves are collected when the plant is flowering Leaves are carefully dried

Morphological Characters LEAF Size : Length – 25cm Shape : Ovate Apex : Acute Base : Symmetrical Fig.29.2

Morphological Characters LEAF Margin : Triangularly dentate Surface : Hairy Colour : Pale greyish green Odour : Characteristic & strong odour Taste : Acrid Fig.29.3

Chemical Constituents Total alkaloidal content is 0.05 - 0.15% In which 75% is Hyoscyamine Atropine and Hyoscine are present in small amounts

Uses Antispasmodic and Antiasthmatic Used to relieve spasm of urinary tract Administered with strong Purgatives to prevent gripping Has weak Parasympatholytic action Sedative and used to check Salivary secretion

Allied Drugs Hyoscyamus albus Grown in France and India Hyoscyamus muticus Grown in Egypt and India

Summary In this class we discussed about CNS plant drug – HYOSCYAMUS Its Biological Source, Morphology, Chemical Constituents, uses and allied drugs

Quiz 1. The chief chemical constituents present in Hyoscyamus are a) Alkaloids b) Glycosides c) Latex d) None of the above

Quiz Hyoscyamus belongs to the family a) Annonaceae b) Leguminosae c) Solanaceae d) None of the above

Frequently Asked Questions Write the Botanical source and uses of Hyoscyamus 2. Write the Morphological characters and Chemical Constituents of Hyoscyamus