Waves & Their Properties

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Presentation transcript:

Waves & Their Properties

Learning Objectives Define wave properties Analyze wave motion Construct a model of a wave

What are the basic properties of waves? A wave is a traveling disturbance that carries energy from place to place. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zmPzbZVUp3g

Practice When a ship that is two football fields away from a sailboat passes the sailboat, does the water travel along with the wave from the ship to the sailboat? 100 feet

All waves begin as a vibration! When something moves back and forth repeatedly, this is vibration. Vibrations create waves.

There are two basic types of waves. Transverse (perpendicular vibration) Longitudinal (parallel vibration) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rbuhdo0AZDU

Can you think of a wave that does not require a medium? The Medium Question The medium is the material through which the wave travels. Most waves travel through something. Can you think of a wave that does not require a medium?

Wavelength: distance or length of one cycle Wave Properties Wavelength: distance or length of one cycle Crest to Crest Trough to Trough Compression to Compression

Wave Properties Period: time for one wave cycle to pass a certain point Frequency: number of wave cycles per second

More Wave Properties Wave speed: total distance one wave cycle travels in some amount of time Amplitude: displacement from rest, or amount of vibration

How do the wavelengths compare?

Sound & Light Each wavelength has a different sound. Each color of light has a different wavelength. Shorter Wavelength Higher Frequency Higher pitch Violet

Notes on a Piano High C note Middle C Low C https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nRA5_VBjhxs https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FtqgqYRDTDg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=okXnGe9-FB4

Practice Water waves are seen rising 12 inches above the level with crests arriving to your location every ½ second. The distance between crests is 1 yard. What is the wavelength? What is the period? What is the amplitude?

Water Waves Water waves look like transverse waves. (Crests & troughs) Water wave vibrations are actually circular.

What happens when waves interfere with each other? Vibrational amplitudes may add together. Increase in Amplitude Vibrational amplitudes may cancel each other. Decrease in Amplitude

Standing Waves A wave and its reflection can add to produce a standing wave. A standing wave is a wave pattern that repeats when the original wave and its reflection add together.

Nodes & Antinodes Nodes are places of no vibration. The wave and its reflection cancel each other. (destructive interference) Antinodes are places of maximum vibration. The wave and its reflection combine and add together. (constructive interference)

Practice How many nodes does each standing wave have? How many antinodes does each standing wave have? Where are the places of maximum amplitude?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3BN5-JSsu_4