EDUCATION IN SOMALIA BY: CLAIRE A. LICTAG

At the end of this session, we must be able to know the following: Identify the kind of education system in Somalia Factors affecting the kind of education in Somalia Distinguish the similarities or difference from any other foreign education

Somalia, easternmost country of Africa, on the Horn of Africa Somalia, easternmost country of Africa, on the Horn of Africa. It extends from just south of the Equator northward to the Gulf of Aden and occupies an important geopolitical position between sub-Saharan Africa and the countries of Arabia and southwestern Asia.

SOMALIA OFFICIAL NAME (Somali: Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya, Arabic: جمهورية الصومال الفيدرالية‎ Jumhūrīyat aṣ-Ṣūmāl al-Fidirālīyah) KIND OF GOVERNMENT Federal Republic CAPITAL Mogadishu RELIGION Islam POPULATION 14,317,996

Somalia is a country of geographic extremes Somalia is a country of geographic extremes. The climate is mainly dry and hot, with landscapes of thorn bush savanna and semi desert. The Somali people are clan-based Muslims, and about three-fifths follow a mobile way of life, pursuing nomadic pastoralism or agro pastoralism.

EDUCATIONAL STRUCTURE HISTORY: Before 1991 - SOMALIA had an educational system consisting of 4 basic levels.

4 basic levels PRE-PRIMARY THE PRIMARY SECONDARY HIGHER EDUCATION

The government established the universal primary education. 1975 The government established the universal primary education.

Late 1970’s Country’s tertiary or higher education offered different courses Government also offered technical or vocational education at post primary and post secondary levels

1991 outbreak of the Somali Civil War Most of the institutions were unable to consistently maintain operations because of warfare Some Islamic schools are operational The main higher education institution had been destroyed Numerous problems had arisen with regard to access to education in rural areas

2011 Creation of new federal government Declared free primary public education

1. lack of safe spaces for learning (security) PRIMARY BARRIERS: 1. lack of safe spaces for learning (security) 2. insufficient teachers (both qualified and unqualified) 3. limited oversight and outreach by Ministry of Education (MOE) among others

2016 severe drought, floods, and internal conflicts have occurred world’s lowest gross enrolment rates for primary school‐aged children with only 30 percent children at primary education level and 26 percent for secondary education drought had a significant impact on the education system leading to a rise in dropout rates and closure of schools

To address these critical issues facing access to education, UNICEF Somalia works across 5 thematic areas as part of a broad system of support to strengthen systems and provide service delivery. These include: Formal Basic Education, Alternative Basic Education, Youth Education and Skills Development, Institutional Strengthening – human resources and capacity development, and Education in Emergencies

“ SOMALIA IS AN IMPORTANY STORY IN THE WORLD AND IT NEEDED TO BE TOLD” -Amanda Lindhout

THANK YOU AND GODBLESS!