Malaria Diagnosis symptoms: fever, chills, headache, malaise, etc.

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Presentation transcript:

Malaria Diagnosis symptoms: fever, chills, headache, malaise, etc. history of being in endemic area splenomegaly and anemia as disease progresses microscopic demonstration of parasite in blood smear (distinguish species) thick film: more sensitive thin film: species identification easier repeat smears every 12 hours for 48 hours if negative antigen detection ‘dipstick’ ParaSight-F, OptiMal, etc

Differences Between Species blood-stage morphology minor life cycle variations hypnozoite stage (vivax, ovale) sequestration (falciparum) host erythrocyte preference immature erythrocytes (vivax, ovale) senescent (malariae) no preference (falciparum) disease and clinical manifestations Additional Species? P. simiovale (~ P. vivax) P. malariae variants

Plasmodium falciparum numerous rings without mature forms slightly smaller marginal forms trophozoites and schizonts not normally in peripheral circulation severe disease compact parasite crescent-shaped gametocytes

Plasmodium falciparum numerous rings without mature forms slightly smaller marginal forms trophozoites and schizonts not normally in peripheral circulation severe disease compact parasite crescent-shaped gametocytes

Plasmodium falciparum numerous rings without mature forms slightly smaller marginal forms trophozoites and schizonts not normally in peripheral circulation severe disease compact parasite crescent-shaped gametocytes

Plasmodium vivax enlarged erythrocyte Schüffner’s dots ‘ameboid’ trophozoite many merozoites in mature segmenter

Plasmodium vivax enlarged erythrocyte Schüffner’s dots ‘ameboid’ trophozoite many merozoites in mature segmenter

Plasmodium vivax enlarged erythrocyte Schüffner’s dots ‘ameboid’ trophozoite many merozoites in mature segmenter Schüffner’s dots due to caveola-vesicle complexes on erythrocyte surface

Plasmodium vivax enlarged erythrocyte Schüffner’s dots ‘ameboid’ trophozoite many merozoites in mature segmenter

Plasmodium ovale similar to P. vivax enlarged erythrocyte Schüffner’s dots subtle differences ‘compact’ trophozoite fewer merozoites elongated erythrocyte

Plasmodium malariae compact trophozoite 'band' form 8-10 merozoites in mature schizont ‘rosette’

Plasmodium malariae compact trophozoite 'band' form 8-10 merozoites in mature schizont ‘rosette’

Plasmodium malariae compact trophozoite 'band' form 8-10 merozoites in mature schizont ‘rosette’