Rocks and The Rock Cycle

3 Main Rock Types Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic

3 Main Rock Types Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic

Igneous EXTRUSIVE Forms when lava cools quickly on the Earths surface Forms from molten rock cooling and solidifying INTRUSIVE Magma cools slowly over millions of years deep beneath the surface

Igneous EXTRUSIVE Forms when lava cools quickly on the Earths surface Forms from molten rock cooling and solidifying INTRUSIVE Magma cools slowly over millions of years deep beneath the surface

IGNEOUS---Extrusive Little or NO Crystals! Lava cools on the surface so fast mineral do not get a chance to form Extrusive rocks can be divided into two categories based on color Dark colors black-brown-red Basalt Obsidian Light colors white-gray-pink Rhyolite

IGNEOUS---Extrusive Little or NO Crystals! Lava cools on the surface so fast mineral do not get a chance to form Extrusive rocks can be divided into two categories based on color Dark colors black-brown-red Basalt Obsidian Light colors white-gray-pink Rhyolite

IGNEOUS---Extrusive Little or NO Crystals! Lava cools on the surface so fast mineral do not get a chance to form Extrusive rocks can be divided into two categories based on color Dark colors black-brown-red Basalt Obsidian Light colors white-gray-pink Rhyolite

IGNEOUS---Extrusive Little or NO Crystals! Lava cools on the surface so fast mineral do not get a chance to form Extrusive rocks can be divided into two categories based on color Dark colors black-brown-red Basalt Obsidian Light colors white-gray-pink Rhyolite

Igneous EXTRUSIVE Forms when lava cools quickly on the Earths surface Forms from molten rock cooling and solidifying INTRUSIVE Magma cools slowly over millions of years deep beneath the surface

IGNEOUS---Intrusive Large Interlocking Crystals!!! Magma cools slowly over millions of years… LARGE CRYSTALS FORM Intrusive rocks can also be divided into two categories based on color Dark colors black-brown-green Gabbro Light colors white-gray-pink Granite

IGNEOUS---Intrusive Large Interlocking Crystals! Magma cools slowly over millions of years… LARGE CRYSTALS FORM Intrusive rocks can also be divided into two categories based on color Dark colors black-brown-green Gabbro Light colors white-gray-pink Granite

IGNEOUS---Intrusive Large Interlocking Crystals! Magma cools slowly over millions of years… LARGE CRYSTALS FORM Intrusive rocks can also be divided into two categories based on color Dark colors black-brown-green Gabbro Light colors white-gray-pink Granite

IGNEOUS---Intrusive Large Interlocking Crystals! Magma cools slowly over millions of years… LARGE CRYSTALS FORM Intrusive rocks can also be divided into two categories based on color Dark colors black-brown-green Gabbro Light colors white-gray-pink Granite

3 Main Rock Types Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic

How to make a clastic sedimentary rock Weathering and Erosion Transportation Deposition Compaction and Cementation Sedimentary Rock

Sedimentary Chemical Clastic Shale Sandstone Conglomerate Sedimentary rocks are divided into two categories Chemical Mineral are dissolved in to the water…water is evaporated off and leaves behind chemical sedimentary rocks Examples are Halite, Limestone and Gypsum Clastic Made from eroded fragments of other rocks Shale Microscope grains of mud cemented together Sandstone Sand grains cemented together Conglomerate Pebble to boulder size fragments cemented together

3 Main Rock Types Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic

Metamorphic rocks form from HEAT&PRESSURE Two types of metamorphism Contact Rock surrounding a magma body get cooked and changes due Regional Tectonic forces Metamorphism occurs over a large area

Contact Metamorphism Deep underground, zones of metamorphism form around the hot magma of batholiths. L.Gardiner/Windows Original

Regional Metamorphism Tectonic forces smash continents together. The rocks get heated and become semi-molten. The added pressure causes the mineral to separate into bands and sometime to even flow before cooling again!

How are Metamorphic rocks formed?

Common Metamorphic Rocks Parent Rock Metamorphic Rock Granite Gneiss Shale Slate Sandstone Quartzite

Foliated - vs. - Non Foliated Foliated: These types of metamorphic rock are distinctly layered. This is due to the immense directional pressure that the rock is exposed to.

Foliated Examples

Foliated - vs. - Non-Foliated As opposed to the foliated metamorphic rocks, the non-foliated rocks are not distinctly layered.    This is probably because non-foliated rocks were exposed to high temperature conditions, but not to high directional pressure conditions.  

Non – Foliated Examples Marble from Limestone Quartzite from Sandstone

The Rock Cycle