Solutions.

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Presentation transcript:

Solutions

Matter Mixtures Pure Substances Heterogeneous Mixtures Homogeneous Mixtures Compounds Elements Colloids Solutions

Solution a solute is dissolved in another substance, known as a solvent. Salt: the solute Water: the solvent

Concentration 200mL 200mL 100mL

Concentration 200mL 200mL 100mL

Concentration Ratio of solute to solution Ex 7g / L (solute) (solute + solvent)

Concentration . Mass (grams) Concentration (g/L) Volume (Litres) What is the concentration of the solution prepared by adding 1g of salt to 500mL of water? . Mass (grams) Concentration (g/L) Volume (Litres)

Concentration May also be written as a percent Ex. Concentration of 5% = 5g 100mL % mass/mass % volume/volume Or % mass/volume

Dilutions

Dilutions Decreasing the concentration of a solution by adding solvent to it. When dilution occurs, the solute is more spread out in the solvent

Formula for dilutions C1 V1 = C2 V2 C1 = concentration of original (initial) solution C2 = concentration of final solution V1 = initial volume V2 = final total solution (V1 + water)

Helpful Hints C1 is always greater or less than C2 ?

Helpful Hints C1 is always greater or less than C2 ? V2 is always greater or less than V1?

Helpful Hints C1 is always greater or less than C2 ? V2 is always greater or less than V1? “C” units are g/L, g/mL or % “V” units are mL or L

Helpful Hints The units for both Cs must be the same The units for both Vs must be the same 1L = 1000 mL

Examples Calculate the new concentration if enough water is added to 100mL of 25g/L sodium chloride to make up 1.5L.