CPR
Heart Attack and Cardiac Arrest A heart attack occurs when heart muscle tissue dies. Cardiac arrest results when the heart stops beating.
Caring for Cardiac Arrest Chain of survival Recognition and action CPR Defibrillation Advanced care Post-arrest care
Performing CPR Check for responsiveness. Check for breathing. Call 9-1-1. CPR if unresponsive and not breathing Chest compressions Rescue breaths © Berta A. Daniels, 2010
Chest Compressions (1 of 3) 2 hands for adults 1 or 2 hands for a child 2 fingers for an infant Compression depth Adult and child: 2 inches Infant: 1½ inches (1/3 depth of the chest) Compression rate At least 100 per minute 30 compressions in 18 seconds © Berta A. Daniels, 2010
Chest Compressions (2 of 3) Location Adult and child: center of chest between nipples Infants: just below nipple line Cycles of 30 compressions and 2 breaths until: AED becomes available. Victim shows signs of life. EMS takes over. You are too tired to continue.
Chest Compressions (3 of 3) Chest compressions alone are an acceptable alternative. Provide continuous chest compressions. © Berta A. Daniels, 2010
Rescue Breaths After every 30 compressions: Tilt the head and lift the chin. Close the nose. Give 2 breaths. See the chest rise. © Berta A. Daniels, 2010
Airway Obstruction Mild blockage Severe/complete blockage Coughing forcefully Severe/complete blockage Weak, ineffective cough Unable to breathe or speak Common causes of obstruction Tongue, vomit, foreign body, swelling, spasm
Caring for Airway Obstruction (1 of 5) Responsive adult or child: Heimlich maneuver Abdominal thrusts just above navel Perform thrusts until object is removed or victim is unresponsive. Chest thrusts for larger or pregnant victims
Caring for Airway Obstruction (2 of 5) Responsive infant Support infant’s head and lay infant’s face down over your forearm and thigh. Give 5 back blows. Roll infant face-up. Give 5 chest thrusts.
Caring for Airway Obstruction (3 of 5) Back Blows Chest Thrusts
Caring for Airway Obstruction (4 of 5) Unresponsive adult or child, if breath fails to go in: Retilt the head. Reattempt breath. Give 30 chest compressions. Check airway. Remove object if visible. © Berta A. Daniels, 2010
Caring for Airway Obstruction (5 of 5) Unresponsive infant, if breath fails to go in: Retilt the head. Reattempt breath. Give 30 compressions. Check the airway. Remove the object if visible.