Defining Sensation and Perception

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Defining Sensation and Perception Sensation & Perception 11/16/2018 Defining Sensation and Perception Sensation The detection of physical energy emitted or reflected by physical objects. It occurs when energy in the external environment or the body stimulates receptors in the sense organs. Perception The process by which the brain organizes and interprets sensory information. ©1999 Prentice Hall ©1999 Prentice Hall

Sensory Adaptation Decreased responsiveness to stimuli due to constant stimulation. Do you feel your underwear all day?

Cocktail-party phenomenon The cocktail party effect describes the ability to focus one's listening attention on a single talker among a mixture of conversations and background noises, ignoring other conversations. Form of selective attention.

Energy v. Chemical senses Energy Senses Chemical Senses

Vision Our most dominating sense. Visual Capture

Sensation & Perception 11/16/2018 Vision: Agenda What we see. An eye on the world. Why the visual system is not a camera. How we see colors. Constructing the visual world. ©1999 Prentice Hall ©1999 Prentice Hall

Sensation & Perception 11/16/2018 What We See Hue Visual experience specified by color names and related to the wavelength of light. Brightness Lightness and luminance; the visual experience related to the amount of light emitted from or reflected by an object. Saturation Vividness or purity of color; the visual experience related to the complexity of light waves. ©1999 Prentice Hall ©1999 Prentice Hall

Sensation & Perception 11/16/2018 What We See Hue Brightness Saturation ©1999 Prentice Hall ©1999 Prentice Hall

Phase One: Gathering Light The height of a wave gives us it’s intensity (brightness). The length of the wave gives us it’s hue (color). ROY G BIV The longer the wave the more red. The shorter the wavelength the more violet.

Phase Two: Getting the light in the eye

Sensation & Perception 11/16/2018 An Eye on the World Cornea Protects eye and bends light toward lens. Lens Focuses on objects by changing shape. Iris Controls amount of light that gets into eye. Pupil Widens or dilates to let in more light. ©1999 Prentice Hall ©1999 Prentice Hall

Sensation & Perception 11/16/2018 An Eye on the World Retina Neural tissue lining the back of the eyeball’s interior, which contains the receptors for vision. Rods Visual receptors that respond to dim light. Cones Visual receptors involved in color vision. Most humans have 3 types of cones. ©1999 Prentice Hall ©1999 Prentice Hall

The Structures of the Retina Sensation & Perception 11/16/2018 The Structures of the Retina ©1999 Prentice Hall ©1999 Prentice Hall

Match the following Cornea D Pupil A Iris B Lens C Retina E Adjustable opening in the center of the eye Ring of muscle, color portion of the eye around pupil- controls size of pupil opening Transparent- behind pupil, changes shape to focus images on retina Protects eye, bends light to provide focus Eyes light sensitive inner surface- rods, cones, neurons that process visual info.

Phase Three: Transduction

Transduction Continued Order is Rods/Cones to Bipolar to Ganglion to Optic Nerve. Sends info to thalamus- area called lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). Then sent to cerebral cortexes. Where the optic nerves cross is called the optic chiasm.

Transduction Transforming signals into neural impulses. Information goes from the senses to the thalamus , then to the various areas in the brain. Remember Ethan in Sky High. He changes his body to slime. Solid form to liquid form. Change from one form of energy to another. Click the picture to watch power placement.