Welcome, Ladies and Gentlemen, to the Bio Bowl on Heredity! Classroom Unsquared

Here are the rules: 1. This is a team competition. 2 Here are the rules: 1. This is a team competition. 2. Each team member will have a chance to answer a question, then the next member, and so on, and then back to the first until Bowl is over. 3. After seeing the question, the team member can decide to answer the question alone or pass it to the whole team. 4. Length of time to answer and displaying of answers determined by the teacher. 5. Scoring goes like this – Member correct 2 points Member incorrect 0 points Team correct 1 point Team incorrect -1 point 5. Competition based on total number of team points at the end of the Bowl. 6. Awards will be announced by the teacher.

DECIDE THE TEAM MEMBER ORDER. GOOD LUCK, TEAMS DECIDE THE TEAM MEMBER ORDER. GOOD LUCK, TEAMS. HERE COMES THE FIRST QUESTION

1. What is the name of the process of cell division where a parent cell divides into 4 sex cells with 23 chromosomes each?

TIME! And the answer is …

Meiosis

2. What is genetics?

TIME! And the answer is …

The scientific study of the basic unit of heredity, the gene.

3. In the mid 1800’s, this scientist from Austria discovered the principles of heredity while studying pea plants. What was his name?

TIME! And the answer is …

Gregor Mendel

4. Living organisms are composed of proteins organized in different ways. What basic material in living cells directs the production and organization of these proteins?

TIME! And the answer is …

DNA

5. What is the difference between a gene and a chromosome?

TIME! And the answer is …

A chromosome is a long string of DNA and some other materials that controls the characteristics of the organism. Inheritable segments of each chromosome are called genes.

6. A gene is a set of instructions for an inherited trait 6. A gene is a set of instructions for an inherited trait. Genes come in pairs, 2 forms of the same gene. What is the general name for each form?

TIME! And the answer is …

An allele

7. What is the difference between a dominant and recessive allele?

TIME! And the answer is …

A dominant allele when paired with a recessive one will cause the offspring to have its trait.

8. What do we call the actual appearance of a trait of an organism. A 8. What do we call the actual appearance of a trait of an organism? A. Genotype B. Phenotype C. Genetics D. Hybrid

TIME! And the answer is …

B. Phenotype

9. For a specific trait, what do we call an organism if it has 2 dominant or 2 recessive alleles? A. Hybrid B. Haploid C. Heterozygous D. Homozygous

TIME! And the answer is …

D. Homozygous

10. How many chromosomes does a diploid cell have?

TIME! And the answer is …

46

11. Letters are used to represent alleles of a particular trait 11. Letters are used to represent alleles of a particular trait. In the pairing Pp, what is the small p? A. Dominant B. Recessive C. A small gene D. A haploid

TIME! And the answer is …

B. recessive

12. In the last example, Pp, what would we call the organism for that trait? A. Heterozygous B. Homozygous C. Purebred D. Recessive

TIME! And the answer is …

A. Heterozygous

13. The model shown below helps us figure out the probability of offspring having a particular trait. What is this model called? A a A a

TIME! And the answer is …

A Punnett Square

14. Homozygous parents, one with brown eyes and one with blue eyes, have offspring. What color eyes will the offspring have? A. Bluish brown eyes B. 50% will have brown, 50% blue C. Blue eyes D. Brown eyes

TIME! And the answer is …

D. Brown eyes

15. In the previous question, why will all of the offspring have brown eyes?

TIME! And the answer is …

E. Brown eyes are dominant and all of the offspring will be heterozygous

16. In genetics, what does probability mean?

TIME! And the answer is …

Probability is the percent chance of offspring having specific traits

17. If a purebred plant with blue flowers crosses with a hybrid one with blue flowers, what is probability of offspring plants with blue flowers? B b B B

TIME! And the answer is …

100%

18. What is the probability of this cross having offspring with a homozygous recessive genotype?

TIME! And the answer is …

25%

19. A red flower crosses with a white one 19. A red flower crosses with a white one. If both are purebred and there is incomplete dominance of these traits, what color will the offspring be?

TIME! And the answer is …

Pink

20. Why are there about an equal number of human males and females?

TIME! And the answer is …

Because women have two X chromosomes and men have an X and a Y Because women have two X chromosomes and men have an X and a Y. Offspring will have 50% XX and 50% XY

Game Over! Count your points up and tell the teacher your team score