Lipid Metabolism I Dr. Kevin Ahern.

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Presentation transcript:

Lipid Metabolism I Dr. Kevin Ahern

Fat and Glycerophospholipid Synthesis 1 1 2 3 1 2 3 2 3 Fat and Glycerophospholipid Synthesis

Fat (Triacylglycerol) Phosphatidic Acid Glycerol-3-P Glycerophospholipids

Signaling Catalysis Fat Breakdown

Glycerophospholipids / Phosphatides

X

Glycerophospholipic Synthesis Involves CDP-Activated Intermediate Two General Mechanisms Phosphatidyl Portion of Final Product Will Split Off as CMP + PPi CDP-Diacylglycerol Phosphatidic Acid + CTP

CDP-Diacylglycerol + Inositol + CMP Phosphatidylinositol + CMP CDP-Diacylglycerol + Inositol

CDP + CMP

Phosphorylethanolamine Second Mechanism - Activate Add-on Molecule Adds to Diacylglycerol Splits Off ATP Phosphorylethanolamine CTP PPi Ethanolamine CDP-Ethanolamine

Phosphatidylethanolamine CDP-Ethanolamine + CMP + Diacylglycerol

1 1 2 2 3 3 1 3

Sphingolipid Biosynthesis Amino Acid Fatty Acid Branch Point Sphingolipids

Sphingolipid Synthesis Ceramide Synthesis

Membrane Lipid Metabolism Sphingolipids Phosphocholine R = Sphingomyelin OR Phosphoethanolamine R = Single Sugar R = Cerebroside Complex Sugar R = Ganglioside

Sphingolipid Breakdown Diseases

Cholesterol Biosynthesis Acetyl Group

Cholesterol Biosynthesis Branch Point

IPP + DPP 30 Carbons 30 Carbons 15 Carbons 10 Carbons 5 Carbons Each Lanosterol 30 Carbons Squalene 2 15 Carbons IPP + DPP Farnesyl-PP IPP 10 Carbons Geranyl-PP IPP DMAPP Acetyl-CoA 5 Carbons Each

Cholesterol 19 Steps Lanosterol

Cholesterol Metabolism Excretion Cholesterol Bile Acids Mineralocorticoids & Corticosteroids

Cholesterol Metabolism

Lipid Movement From the Diet Outside Intestine Inside Intestine Reattachment of 2 Fatty Acids Removal of 2 Fatty Acids

Apolipoprotein Complexes

Chylomicron

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

Foam Cell Aggregate

Carotid Artery Plaque