Plant Parts and Functions By : Alisa Kowalski Jessi Spry Alyson Wilson

Parts of The Plant

Roots Taproot System 2 Types of Root Systems Primary root grows down from the stem with some small secondary roots forming Examples: Carrots & Turnips

Roots Fibrous System Small lateral roots that spread out just below the soil’s surface Examples: Corn & Beans

Parts of the Root Epidermis Cortex Outermost layer of cells Tissue inside epidermis that stores starch and other substances necessary for the growth of the root

Parts of the Root Root Cap Root Hairs Vascular Tissue Provides protection for the root tip Root Hairs Site of absorption Vascular Tissue Within cortex, contains cells that transport water, nutrients, and minerals to all parts of the plant

Roots have 4 primary functions Root Functions Roots have 4 primary functions 1. Absorption of water and nutrients (performed by root hairs) 2. Transportation of water and nutrients to stem 3. Anchor plant to maintain stability 4. Store food and water

Leaves Blade Petiole Midrib Main body of leaf Attaches blade to stem Large central vein

Leaves Apex Base Margin Tip of leaf Attaches to petiole, if petiole is absent attaches directly to stem Margin Edge of leaf

Leaves Epidermis Stomata Mesophyll Responsible for gas and water exchange Stomata Opening in epidermis where gas and water exchange Mesophyll Middle layer of leaf where photosynthesis occurs

Important Functions of Leaves Photosynthesis Process that plants use to produce their food 6CO2 + 6H2OC6H1206 + 6 O2 Transpiration Loss of water and exchange of carbon dioxide

Parts of the Stem Node Internode Lenticles Areas where side branches and leaves develop from Internode Area between nodes Lenticles Small holes located in the stem (breathing pores)

Functions of the Stem 1. Transports water and nutrients from roots to leaves 2. Supports leaves, fruits and flowers 3. Food Storage

Examples: Strawberries & Tulips Fruit Classification Aggregate Develop from a single flower with many ovaries Examples: Strawberries & Tulips

Fruit Classification Multiple Fruit develops from a group of tightly clustered flowers Examples: Pineapples & Figs

Fruit Classification Simple Develop from a single ovary Examples: Cherries & Tomatoes

Site of seed production Fruit’s Function Site of seed production

Flower Parts Pistil Female part of plant Consists of: Stigma Style Ovary

Flower Parts Stamen Male reproductive organ Consists of: Anther Stamen

Flower Parts Petals Sepals Highly colored part of the flower, may contain perfume and/or nectar glands Sepals Small green structures on the base of a flower that protect the flower bud

Flower Classification Complete flower Has all four male and female parts Incomplete flower Missing one of the four male or female parts Perfect flower Has stamens and pistils Imperfect flower Lacking either stamens or pistils

Flower Function Sexual Reproduction is the flowers sole function Pollination by: Wind Insects and Birds

Parts of the Seed Embryo Growing part of seed Endosperm Tissue that provides nutrition for the developing seed Cotyledon Food storage tissue

Parts of the Seed Seedcoat Protective outer covering of the seed Scutellum Absorbs the endosperm