Finding Information to complete the worksheets COLUMN 1 On this PowerPoint are several pictures for you to use in filling out the “Sketch” section of your worksheets. N://8thgrade/Hawkins/Geologic Features Chart.ppt or www.team5northcarroll.weebly.com To find information on the different features and types of plate boundaries go to Pages 52 to 64 of your Interactive Notebook. To look up a definition, you can use a dictionary. I highly recommend using http://geology.com/geology- dictionary.shtml COLUMNS 3 - 5 COLUMN 2

Deep Ocean Trench Definition: long, narrow, deep depression that runs parallel to a convergent plate boundary Boundaries Possible: Convergent Ocean-ocean & convergent ocean- continent boundaries. Occurs when an oceanic plate is pulled down into mantle and is remelted. Examples California Trench, Peru-Chili Trench, and Aleutian Islands Trench

Eathquake Definition: Trembling of the Earth Boundaries Possible: All How it occurs: Sudden release of energy. Subsurface rock units break apart to form faults. Examples: 1900 San Francisco Earthquake, 2005 Fukijama, Japan Earthquake, and 2011 Virginia Seismic Zone Earthquake.

Fault Definition: A fracture in rock along which movement has happened. Boundaries Possible: All How it occurs: Subsurface rock units break apart from the sudden release of energy. Examples: San Andreas Fault, Alpine Fault, and Baikal Rift Fault.

Fracture Zone Definition: Linear ocean feature found near the Mid Ocean Ridge. Boundaries Possible: Divergent Oceanic-oceanic Boundary. How it occurs: Segments of rock break apart as the mid ocean ridge forms. Examples: Blanco Fracture Zone, Mendocino Fracture Zone, and Savanco Fracture Zone.

Mid Ocean Ridge DEF: Elevated area of sea floor with active volcanism Divergent Oceanic Boundary ONLY Magma erupts through cracks in ocean floor and makes the sea floor spread apart Mid Atlantic ridge, East Pacific Rise, Indo-Australian Rise, Pacific-Antarctic Ridge

Non-Volcanic Mountain Ranges Higher elevation area (bigger than hills) Convergent Continental Boundary Continental Crust is pushed up from both sides Himalayas, Appalachians, Alps

Rift Valley Valley with normal faults caused by tension on both sides Divergent Continental (ONLY) Continental Crust is pulled apart and middle “drops down” forming large flat valleys with steep sided cliffs Examples: East African Rift Valley Rio Grande Rift Valley Baikal Rift

Subduction Zone On line at geology.com or in your textbook glossary Convergent with Oceanic Crust Old Oceanic crust is forced beneath the Earth’s crust and is re-melted in the mantle Examples Cascadian Subduction Zone Peru-Chili Subduction Zone Aleutian Subduction Zone

Tsunami A large gravity wave produced by a sudden displacement of a large volume of water Can occur at any boundary under the water Sudden displacement of a large volume of water causes a rapid rise or fall in the elevation of water. Waves can travels up to thousand’s of miles. Close to shore, tsunami waves become deadly. Some Famous Tsunamis: 2004 Christmas Day Tsunami 2011 Tohoku Tsunami 1964 Alaska Tsunami

Volcanic Island Arc On line at geology.com or in your textbook glossary Convergent Oceanic-Oceanic Plate Boundary Chain of volcanic islands form parallel to a deep ocean trench (above the subducting plate) as molten rock rises and erupts at the surface Kuril Islands, Philippine Islands, Japan

Volcanic Mountains (Volcanic Mountian Range) A line of active volcanic mountains running parallel to an off shore deep ocean trench Convergent Oceanic-Continental Plate Boundary Volcanic mountain ranges form parallel to a deep ocean trench (above the subducting plate) as molten rock rises and erupts at the surface Cascade Mountains (Mt. St. Helens)

Volcano A vent in Earth’s crust through which lava is expelled. Convergent Plates boundaries with oceanic crust, All Divergent plate boundaries and hot spots Molten rock (magma) rises through solid rock (because it is less dense) and erupts at he surface as lava Famous Examples of Volcanoes Mt. Tambora (Indonesia, 1816) Killed 92,000 Mt. Krakatoa (Indonesia, 1883) Killed 36,000 and completed removed the island of Krakatoa from the world map Nevado del Ruiz (Columbia, 1985) Killed 23,000