#3 - AIM: What happened when Africa was Decolonized?

1945-1960s African Independence Movement: Few Europeans lived in Africa, except for Algeria, Kenya, and South Africa.

Decolonization First colony to decolonize in Africa after World War II was Libya (1951) – from Italy Last colony to decolonize was Southern Rhodesia (1980) – from British which became Zimbabwe Ethiopia and Liberia were never under European control

Algeria French wanted to keep Algeria after World War II Many French settlers Very brutal revolt Algeria Independence (1962) French leaving Algeria – left crisis in Algeria – Arabs had no technical training and no management experience

Issues Sub-Sahara Africa independence movements – not as brutal as Algeria However: Independence problems existed Arbitrarily drawn borders Overdependence on export crops Lack of roads and railroads Overpopulation

Decolonization: Struggle: European-descent wanted to keep personal privileges, control of resources, political power – power struggle with indigenous population Racial conflict – very severe in southern Africa

United Nations The decolonization of Africa and Asia increased greatly the membership of the General Assembly of the United Nations. United Nations began shifting focus to issues on poverty, racial discrimination, and imperialism issues than with the Cold War. Result, Western powers began to ignore the General Assembly