Inquiry into Life Chapter 1 Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

1.1 The Characteristics of Life

1.1 The Characteristics of Life Life exists almost everywhere on the planet Earth.

1.1 The Characteristics of Life Life exists almost everywhere on the planet Earth. Earth possesses a great variety of diverse life forms.

1.1 The Characteristics of Life Life exists almost everywhere on the planet Earth. Earth possesses a great variety of diverse life forms. All living things have certain characteristics in common.

Living Things:

Living Things: Are organized Acquire materials and energy Reproduce Respond to stimuli Are homeostatic Grow and develop Have the capacity to adapt

Living Things: Acquire materials and energy Are organized Reproduce Respond to stimuli Are homeostatic Grow and develop Have the capacity to adapt

Living Things: Reproduce Are organized Acquire materials and energy Respond to stimuli Are homeostatic Grow and develop Have the capacity to adapt

Living Things: Respond to stimuli Are organized Acquire materials and energy Reproduce Respond to stimuli Are homeostatic Grow and develop Have the capacity to adapt

Living Things: Are homeostatic Are organized Acquire materials and energy Reproduce Respond to stimuli Are homeostatic Grow and develop Have the capacity to adapt

Living Things: Grow and develop Are organized Acquire materials and energy Reproduce Respond to stimuli Are homeostatic Grow and develop Have the capacity to adapt

Living Things: Have the capacity to adapt Are organized Acquire materials and energy Reproduce Respond to stimuli Are homeostatic Grow and develop Have the capacity to adapt

1.2 The Classification of Living Things

1.2 The Classification of Living Things Living organisms are assigned to groups based upon their similarities.

1.2 The Classification of Living Things Living organisms are assigned to groups based upon their similarities. Systematics is the discipline of indentifying and classifying organisms.

Domains

Domains Domains are the largest classification category.

Domains Domains are the largest classification category. Biologists assign organisms to one of three domains based on biochemical and genetic evidence.

Domain Archaea Archaea are single- celled organisms that lack a membrane-bound nucleus. Archaea can be found in environments that are too hostile for other life forms.

Species of the domain Archaea are not inhibited by antibiotics Domain Archaea is mostly composed of cells that live in extreme environments. Species of the domain Archaea are not inhibited by antibiotics here are three main groups of Archaea: extreme halophiles, methanogens, and hyperthermophiles Halophiles are organisms that live in high salt concentrations. Methanogens produce methane and can life in the human gut, hyperthermophiles can live at temperatures above 70C.

Domain Bacteria Bacteria are single- celled organisms that lack a membrane-bound nucleus. Bacteria are found almost everywhere on the planet Earth.

Domain Eukarya The cells of all eukaryotes have a membrane-bound nucleus. Members of the Domain Eukarya are further categorized into one of four Kingdoms.

Categories of Classification Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

Categories of Classification Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

Categories of Classification Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

Categories of Classification Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

Categories of Classification Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

Categories of Classification Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

Categories of Classification Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

Categories of Classification Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

Categories of Classification Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Least inclusive Most inclusive

Categories of Classification

Scientific Names

Scientific Names Binomial (two name)

Scientific Names Binomial (two name) Genus name, species name

Scientific Names Binomial (two name) Genus name, species name Examples:

Scientific Names Binomial (two name) Genus name, species name Examples: Homo sapiens Pisum sativum Felis domesticus

1.3 The Organization of the Biosphere

1.3 The Organization of the Biosphere The zone of air, land, and water at the surface of the Earth where living organisms are found.

1.3 The Organization of the Biosphere Population (groups of individuals of a species in a given area)

1.3 The Organization of the Biosphere Population Community (populations of different species that interact)

1.3 The Organization of the Biosphere Population Community Ecosystem (interactions of communities plus the physical habitat)

Ecosystems Ecosystems are characterized by:

Ecosystems Ecosystems are characterized by: Chemical cycling

Ecosystems Energy flow Ecosystems are characterized by: Chemical cycling Energy flow

The Human Species Humans depend on healthy ecosystems for our own survival.

The Human Species Humans depend on healthy ecosystems for our own survival. The human species modifies ecosystems for own purposes.

The Human Species Humans depend on healthy ecosystems for our own survival. The human species modifies ecosystems for own purposes. Preservation of ecosystems is important to ensure our continued existence.

Biodiversity

Biodiversity Total number of species

Biodiversity Total number of species The variability in their genes

Biodiversity Total number of species The variability in their genes The ecosystems in which they live

A Coral Reef Ecosystem

Ecosystems The Earth may be losing as many as 400 species per day due to human activities.

1.4 The Process of Science

1.4 The Process of Science Biology is the scientific study of life.

1.4 The Process of Science Biology is the scientific study of life. The process of science uses the scientific method.