Molecular Polarity Topic 4.2.

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Presentation transcript:

Molecular Polarity Topic 4.2

Molecular Polarity The polarity of a bond depends on the electronegativity differences between the two atoms. The polarity of a molecule depends on: The polar bonds that the molecule contains The shape of the molecule

Molecular Polarity If the bonds are of equal polarity and are arranged symmetrically with respect to each other, their dipoles will oppose each other and will cancel each other. In these cases the molecule will be non-polar, despite the fact that it contains polar bonds. The following molecules are all non-polar because their dipoles cancel out.

Molecular Polarity

Molecular Polarity

Molecular Polarity However, if the molecule contains bonds of different polarity, or its bonds are not symmetrically arranged, then the polarities will not cancel out and the molecule will be polar. The following molecules are polar because the dipoles do not cancel out.

Molecular Polarity

Molecular Polarity Exercise- predict whether the following molecules are polar or non-polar a. PH3 b. CF4 c. HCN

Molecular Polarity http://www.tutor-pages.com/Chemistry/Molecular_Geometry/Polar_Or_Nonpolar.html