Chapter 9 Valence Bond Theory.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 9 Valence Bond Theory

Valence Bond Theory Related to Lewis Dot Structures Bonding electron pairs and lone pairs Explains bonding in molecules with multiple atoms Bonds are formed by overlap of atomic orbitals (s, p and d)

Sigma bond (s) – a single covalent bond resulting from the overlap of two orbitals. The electron density of the two bonding electrons is between the atoms

Valence Bond Theory Orbitals overlap to form bonds Two electrons are used to form bonds Bonding electrons are found in the region between atoms

Orbital Hybridization Bonding with more than two atoms Hybrid orbitals result from the mixing of s, p and d orbitals The number of hybrid orbitals is equal to the number of atomic orbitals that are mixed

Set of Hybrid Orbitals sp – results from mixing an s orbital with one p orbital sp2 – mixing an s orbital with two p orbitals sp3 – mixing an s orbital with three p orbitals

Bonding with more than two atoms

BF3

NH3

H2O

CH3CH3

Stop