Central New York Emergency Medical Services Program Agency

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
ALLERGIC REACTIONS. An exaggerated response of the immune system.
Advertisements

UNDERSTANDING ANAPHYLAXIS
San Mateo Union High School District Fall Semester, 2003
Allergies & Anaphylaxis. 2 What is an Allergy? Allergies occur when the immune system becomes unusually sensitive and overreacts to common substances.
Epinephrine auto injectors
Allergy Awareness & EpiPen ® Use. Common food allergies in children Milk Egg Peanut Tree Nuts Shellfish Fish Soy Whey.
Management and treatment of students with anaphylaxis Information for Education Queensland employees.
Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis
 Tree Nuts  Milk  Egg  Peanut  Bananas  Pollen  Soy  Shellfish  Latex  Fish  Wheat  Animal Dander.
Anaphylaxis EpiPen Training. A potentially life-threatening severe allergic reaction to a substance.
ALLERGY. No. 1 Hypersensitivity An allergy is a reaction of your immune system to something that does not bother most other people. People who have allergies.
Allergies & Anaphylaxis. 2 What is an Allergy? Allergies occur when the immune system becomes unusually sensitive and overreacts to common substances.
ANAPHYLAXIS A Severe Allergy. Arizona School Access to Emergency Epinephrine Act (SB1421) Passed on September 24, 2013 What does it mean for our schools?
Anaphylaxis=Killer Allergy ☻ Who is at risk? Anyone, especially those allergic to food such as peanuts, tree nut, seafood, fish, milk or egg, or to insect.
 Tree Nuts  Milk  Egg  Peanut  Bananas  Pollen  Soy  Shellfish  Latex  Fish  Wheat  Animal Dander.
Any delegate administering an EpiPen injection must receive child specific training. The delegate must be willing to assume the responsibility. The delegate.
EpiPen Administration
Care for Students with Severe Allergies. Anaphylaxis: Definition and Interesting Facts Anaphylaxis: –Is a rapid, severe allergic response –Is not always.
Copyrighted by Doreen Crowe, July 2013 All Rights Reserved Life-Threatening Allergies & Epinephrine Training Doreen Crowe, MEd, BSN, RN Nurse Leader Wilmington.
Epi-Pen Anaphylaxis Protocol for Emergency Treatment of Allergic Reactions Pre-service Training For CCHD Nursing & MD Staff Edition: April 2006.
Food Allergies and Allergic Reactions When and How to Use an Epi-Pen.
Anaphylaxis and Epinephrine The Role of the EMT-Basic N.H. Patient Care Protocols N.H. Department of Safety Division of Fire Standards & Training and Emergency.
Allergic Reactions CHAPTER 20. Assessment of Allergic Reactions.
EpiPen Administration by Susan Reiss RN, NCSN. EpiPen Administration This program has been designed for the school staff member who is willing to administer.
Allergic Reactions and Envenomations Chapter 16. Allergic Reactions Allergic reaction – Exaggerated immune response to any substance Histamines and leukotrienes.
General Pharmacology.
FCDPH ANAPHYLAXIS. Anaphylaxis (pronounced ana-fill-axis) is a serious allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and may cause death. FCDPH Retrieved from:
Chapter 35 Poisoning and Allergic Reactions. © 2005 by Thomson Delmar Learning,a part of The Thomson Corporation. All Rights Reserved 2 Overview  Poisoning.
Limmer et al., Emergency Care, 10 th Edition © 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ CHAPTER 20 Allergic Reactions.
EPI PEN Training. WHAT IS A FOOD ALLERGY? Over-Reaction in the body to a food Release of chemical called HISTAMINE Triggers reactions in body.
Ruth Butler Anaphylaxis Emergency Treatment In School Ruth Butler.
ANAPHYLAXIS Life-Threatening Allergies PowerPoint by: Janell Eastman, M.Ed, RN Presented by: Katherine Lynn, RN, BSN.
Shock.
Anaphylactic Allergies  Common Causes  Foods (peanuts, tree nuts, seafood)  Insect stings.
Anaphylaxis in Schools
Anaphylactic Allergies Common Causes Foods (peanuts, tree nuts, seafood) Insect stings.
Anaphylaxis in Schools Recognizing Anaphylaxis Epinephrine Auto-injector Administration Betsy Stoffers RN 2014.
CMT Training The Center for Life Enrichment Resource: MTTP Student Manual,
Chapter 18 Immunologic Emergencies
Emergency Treatment In School
Allergic Reactions Your immune system gone wrong….
16: Allergic Reactions. Allergic Reactions Allergic reaction –Exaggerated immune response to any substance Histamines and leukotrienes –Chemicals released.
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Emergency Care, Twelfth Edition Limmer O’Keefe Dickinson Introduction to Emergency Medical.
Anaphylaxis Caring for Children in a Community Program
First Aid for Shock By: Shayla Z. Matt S. Sara K. Allen M.
Severe Allergic Reaction (Anaphylactic Shock) 过敏性休克 Fang Hong 方 红 1st Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University.
Assisting Students With Severe Allergies: Epinephrine Auto-injector Training Instructor’s Name: Myra Pickard, RN BSN, NCSN.
Anaphylaxis.
ANAPHYLAXIS Life-Threatening Allergies. Allergic Reactions Insects, BeesInsects, Bees Latex or RubberLatex or Rubber Types of life-threatening allergies.
16: Allergic Reactions and Envenomations Recognize the patient experiencing an allergic reaction Describe the emergency medical care of the.
Emergency Care CHAPTER Copyright © 2016, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Emergency Care, 13e Daniel Limmer | Michael F. O'Keefe.
Allergy Awareness & EpiPen Use.
Emergency Supply of Epinephrine Auto Injectors on School Property
Epi-Pen Training for Non-Licensed Staff
20 Allergic Reaction.
Covington County Schools Michelle Armstrong, RN
EpiPen Administration
CHAPTER 20 Allergic Reactions.
Life-Threatening Allergies
Anaphylaxis & EpiPen Administration
Epinephrine is the treatment of choice for allergic reactions……
DIABETES ASTHMA EPI-PEN SEIZURE SYMPTOMS OF LOW BLOOD SUGARS:
C MODULE: EpiPen.
ANAPHYLAXIS A Severe Allergy.
Chapter 20 Allergies.
Get Trained© GET TRAINED It’s time for all school staff to
UNDERSTANDING ANAPHYLAXIS
Emergency Medical Services Program
Epinephrine Auto-Injector Training for Emergency Medical Responders
Presentation transcript:

Central New York Emergency Medical Services Program Agency Epinephrine Auto-Injector Training Program Developed in accordance with DOH training outline by Timothy J. Perkins, BS, EMT-P

Objectives After completing this training program, participants will be able to demonstrate the following: Identify the common causes of allergic reactions. Identify signs and symptoms of severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis), and their differences from other medical emergencies. Identify the steps for administration of epinephrine by auto-injector. Methods for safely storing, handling, and disposing of the auto-injector. Steps for providing on going care of the patient. Understanding of the state regulations allowing individuals to possess and use the epinephrine auto injector.

Allergic Reactions An allergic reaction is defined as an exaggerated response of the body to a foreign substance, known as an allergen, by neutralizing or getting rid of that substance. Most allergic reactions are unpleasant, and relatively harmless, but others can be more serious, even life threatening. These more serious reactions are referred to as Anaphylaxis.

Anaphylaxis Anaphylaxis is a result of exposure to the allergen, which causes a rapid dilation of blood vessels, and cause hypotension. It will also cause swelling of respiratory tissues, causing constriction of airways, even full airway obstruction. People do not have reactions the first time they are exposed to the allergen, as the body forms antibodies to fight the allergen. After subsequent exposures, when antibodies combine with the allergen to produce the allergic response.

Causes of Allergic Reactions Insects Foods Plants Medications Miscellaneous

Insects Most common reactions come from stings from bees, wasps, yellow jackets and hornets. Reaction can be rapid and severe, due to the sting being quickly absorbed into the bloodstream.

Food Most common allergies include nuts, eggs, milk and shellfish. Peanut allergies are commonly more rapid and severe than other food allergies. Usual food allergic reactions are slower onset than insect stings.

Plants Contact with the “poison” plants (ivy, oak, sumac), will cause allergic reactions, characterized by rashes. Plant pollen is also a cause of allergies in many people. Plant allergic reactions are rarely severe enough to be characterized as anaphylaxis.

Medications Common allergies are to antibiotics, such as penicillin. People with penicillin allergies are usually allergic to related antibiotics as well. Medicaton allergies are rarely sever enough to be classified as anaphylaxis.

Miscellaneous Others are allergic to a vast number of different substances. Dust, chemicals, make-up and soaps are common. Many people, including EMS providers, are allergic to latex. While this rarely causes anaphylaxis, it is still important to know when treating such patients.

Signs and Symptoms Allergic reactions can present in many different forms, and can range from watery eyes and runny nose, to severe respiratory problems and hypotension.

Physical Findings HEENT: Itchy and/or watery eyes, headache, runny nose. Skin: Swelling of face, lips, tongue, neck, or hands. Also itching, red, raised skin (hives), or cool, clammy skin and delayed cap refill (signs of hypoperfusion). Breathing: Coughing, rapid breathing, noisy breathing, change in voice, loss of voice, wheezing or stridor. Breathing changes are sure signs of anaphylaxis.

Physical Findings – Cont. Heart: Tachycardia, hypotension, Mentation: Altered Status, partial or full loss of consciousness.

The Epinephrine Auto-Injector Definition: Liquid Medication administered by an automatically injectable needle and syringe system. Medication Name Generic: Epinephrine Trade: Adrenalin ™ EpiPen® or EpiPen Jr. ®

The Epinephrine Auto-Injector Indications Signs and symptoms of severe allergic reaction. Epinephrine Auto-Injector is prescribed to patient by a doctor. Medical Direction has been notified if the patient does not have a prescription for an auto injector. Contraindications None in a life threatening scenario.

The Epinephrine Auto-Injector Action: Bronchodilation – Dilation of airways. Vasoconstriction – constriction of blood vessels.

Epinephrine Auto-Injector Side Effects Increase in heart rate Dizziness Headache Vomiting Pallor Chest Pain Nausea Anxiety, Excitement

When to use the Epi-Pen The Epi-pen auto injector may be needed for a patient with a history of severe allergic reactions that comes in contact with substances that cause an allergic reaction. Also, it can be used for patients in severe respiratory distress, and have a prescribed auto-injector.

Administration of the Auto Injector Ensure of safety from allergen. Do not expose yourself to environment, especially if it could pose a threat to crew safety. Ensure that ALS is in route Sit the patient down, or ask them to lay down. If the patient is in anaphylactic shock, elevate the patient’s feet. Check the patient’s vital signs Administer a high concentration of oxygen.

Administration of the Auto Injector If BOTH cardiac and respiratory status are normal, then transport the patient, reassessing the patient’s status at least every five minutes. If EITHER the cardiac or respiratory status of the patient is abnormal, then you will need to administer the auto-injector.

Administration of the Auto Injector If the patient has their own auto-injector, assist them in using it. If the patient’s auto-injector is not available, or has expired, and the EMS agency is authorized to carry the auto-injector, then administer the auto-injector . If the patient has not been prescribed an auto-injector, begin transport, and contact medical control for authorization to administer the auto-injector. If medical control cannot be reached, and the patient is under 35 years of age, administer the auto-injector as indicated, and report the incident to Medical Control and the agency Medical Director as soon as possible.

Administration of the Auto-Injector Remove the safety cap from the injector, and check fluid for color and clarity. Fluid should be clear, and colorless. Do not put fingers over the black tip when removing the safety cap, or after safety cap has been removed. Prepare injection site with alcohol. Place the tip of the auto-injector against the patient’s bare thigh, halfway between their waist, and knee. With a rapid motion, push the auto-injector firmly against the thigh until the spring loaded needle is activated. Hold the auto-injector in place for ten (10) seconds.

Administration of the Auto-Injector Remove the auto-injector from the thigh, and record the time of the injection. Dispose of injector in biohazard container. Document patient response to injection.

Continuation of Care After administration, continue to reassess the patient. Focus on ABC’s. Transport patient, if not already enroute to hospital. If needed, contact medical control for a second dose of epinephrine via auto-injector. With any other deterioration of condition, refer to the appropriate protocol (respiratory distress, respiratory arrest, airway obstruction, shock) In the event of cardiac arrest, perform CPR as per ARC/AHA guidelines.

Epinephrine Auto Injector Quality Improvement Program After each time an Epinephrine Auto-Injector is used, a Epinephine Auto-Injector Quality Improvement form must be completed promptly, and mailed to the CNYEMS office.

Storage of the Epinephrine Auto-Injector The Epinephrine Auto-Injector should be stored in an area where it can be accessed quickly in an emergency, and should be kept in the plastic tube that it comes in. The auto-injector should be kept at room temperature at all times. It should not be refrigerated, or exposed to extreme heat. Do not expose the auto-injector to direct sunlight. Light and heat can cause the epinephrine to turn brown, and lose its effectiveness.

Replacing the Epinephrine Auto-Injector As with any medication, the epinephrine auto-injector has an expiration date.It is very important to check the date on a regular basis, and replace the unit before it expires. Also regularly inspect for color and clarity, and replace if the liquid is discolored or cloudy.

Who can use the Auto-Injector? Physicians prescribe the epinephrine auto-injector to many people who suffer from allergic reactions to different allergens, these people have been trained self administration. EMT’s may assist in this self administration process. In 1999, Governor Pataki signed into law a bill that authorizes possession and use of the epinephrine auto-injector.

Who can use the Auto-Injector? Summer camp staff can administer the auto-injector to patients with a history of allergies and/or allergic reactions who have a sever allergic reaction, even if the patient does not have their auto-injector with them. EMS agencies can possess and use the auto-injector on ambulances and first response vehicles. These agencies must apply for permission to possess and use the auto-injector.

Auto-Injector Application An application for possession and use of the auto-injector is available through CNYEMS. Each agency must complete all paperwork, and must have a collaborative agreement with a physician, who serves as Medical Director for the agency. The collaborative agreement is kept on file with the regional EMS council and the Department of Health. All participating providers must complete this or an equivalent training program. Auto-injectors can be obtained through medical suppliers, with a prescription from the Medical Director.