Macromolecules Anatomy

Our Body Is…. Oxygen 65% Carbon 18.5% Hydrogen 9.5% Nitrogen 3.2% Calcium, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sulfur, Sodium, Chlorine, Magnesium, Iodine, Iron Less than 3% each

Organic Compounds Made of Carbon! 4 main types of macromolecules/organic compounds Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic acids

Carbohydrates Monosaccharides- simple sugar Disaccharide- double sugar Glucose, fructose, galactose Disaccharide- double sugar Sucrose (made of glucose + fructose) Polysaccharides Starch, glycogen

Carbs in the Body! Small amounts are used for structure Used mainly for energy (can be stored as fat if you don’t need it) Can be attached to external structures as ID tags

Lipids Insoluble in water but dissolve in organic solvents (alcohol and ether) Triglycerides, phospholipids, steroids, eicosaniods

Steroids Cholesterol Plays a role in arteriosclerosis hardening (and loss of elasticity) of medium or large arteries Important and vital to have to maintain homeostasis

Eicosanoids In cell membranes Important for blood clotting, inflammation, labor contractions, regulating blood pressure

Proteins Basic structural material Made of amino acids Enzymes, hemoglobin, muscle

Fibrous Proteins Structural proteins Strandlike Collagen, keratin, elastin, contractile proteins of muscle

Globular Proteins Functional Proteins Compact Immune Regulate growth/development Catalysts

Denaturation Fibrous are more stable than globular Can denature because Acidity Heat

Nucleic Acids A,G,T,C,U DNA and RNA