Biological Macromolecules You are what you eat.

Background Information: “Biological Macromolecule” means the large molecules that all living things contain. Four categories Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids

Carbohydrates Examples: Subunits: Bread Rice Corn Pasta Monosaccharides

Carbohydrates Uses: Found in cells: Rapid energy source for cells Structural building material in plants Found in cells: Cytoplasm Attached to the outside of cell membranes

Carbohydrates Elements: Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Ratio of CH2O

Lipids Examples: Oils Butter Waxes Subunits: phospholipids

Lipids Uses: Found in cells: Store energy for long periods of time Form the cell membranes Form waterproof surfaces Found in cells: In cell membranes In storage vacuoles

Lipids Elements: Carbon Oxygen Hydrogen

Proteins Examples: Meat Fish Beans Nuts Subunits: Amino acid

Protein Uses: Found in cells: Building cellular structures Control cell processes as enzymes Found in cells: In the cytoplasm As channels in the cell membrane

Protein Elements: Carbon Oxygen Hydrogen Nitrogen

Nucleic Acids Examples: DNA RNA Subunits: Nucleotides

Nucleic acids Uses: Found in cells: Transmits genetic information from one generation to the next. Controls protein production Found in cells: In the nucleus In the cytoplasm

Nucleic Acids Elements: Hydrogen Carbon Oxygen Phosphorous

Biological Polymers Polymers: Long chains of repeating units. Monosaccharides bond to form polysaccharides Amino acids join to form proteins Nucleotides bond to form nucleic acids