The Road Less Traveled: Pioneers and Pioneering W. Randolph Chitwood, MD  The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  Volume 91, Issue 4, Pages 993-1000 (April 2011) DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.02.040 Copyright © 2011 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Dr Edmund Madison Chitwood (“Pops”) shown in his office (circa 1922) in Wytheville, Virginia. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2011 91, 993-1000DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.02.040) Copyright © 2011 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 “The Big Four —The Chitwood Clinic” (left to right): Dr Charlie Graham, Dr Edmund Chitwood (“Pops”), Dr Carl Stark, and Dr W. Randolph Chitwood, Sr (“Dad”). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2011 91, 993-1000DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.02.040) Copyright © 2011 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Dr W. Randolph Chitwood, Sr, and Ruth Reed Chitwood, RN, Dr Chitwood's parents, on the steps of the National Library of Medicine. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2011 91, 993-1000DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.02.040) Copyright © 2011 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 Dr W. Randolph Chitwood, Jr (right) and his father (left) are shown at the dissecting table at the University of Virginia in 1972. It was a family tradition to be photographed with one's first year cadaver. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2011 91, 993-1000DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.02.040) Copyright © 2011 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 5 Dr David Coston Sabiston, Jr (left), Professor and Chairman, Department of Surgery, Duke University, and Dr. W. Randolph Chitwood, Jr, Chief Resident, (right) in 1984. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2011 91, 993-1000DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.02.040) Copyright © 2011 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 6 Dr Will Camp Sealy, Professor of Surgery, Duke University and Sixth President of The Society of Thoracic Surgeons in 1984. He was called the “WPW Papa” at his retirement party. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2011 91, 993-1000DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.02.040) Copyright © 2011 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 7 “The Ultimate Huddle” (left to right): Alain Carpentier, MD, Francis Robicsek, MD, Roland Hetzer, MD, and Michael DeBakey, MD (American Association for Thoracic Surgery President), are shown in Leipzig in 2001. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2011 91, 993-1000DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.02.040) Copyright © 2011 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 8 “All Pioneers” (left to right): Sir Brian Barratt-Boyes, MD, Rene Favaloro, MD, James Cox, MD (American Association for Thoracic Surgery President), Hermes Grillo, MD (The Society of Thoracic Surgeons President), Alain Carpentier, MD, and Joel Cooper, MD (American Association for Thoracic Surgery President), in Paris in 2000. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2011 91, 993-1000DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.02.040) Copyright © 2011 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 9 Denton Cooley, MD, The Society of Thoracic Surgeons President (center), is shown on early morning rounds with his residents (circa 2005). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2011 91, 993-1000DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.02.040) Copyright © 2011 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 10 A 3-dimensional transesophageal echo topographic mitral valve model shows a prolapse of several segments of the posterior leaflet. Red highlights define the prolapsing segments. Blue shows normal coapting parts of anterior and posterior leaflets. (A = anterior; AL = anterior commissure; P = posterior; PM = posterior medial.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2011 91, 993-1000DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.02.040) Copyright © 2011 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

W. Randolph Chitwood, Jr, MD The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2011 91, 993-1000DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.02.040) Copyright © 2011 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions