AP Gov Review: Video #2, Separation Of Powers

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Presentation transcript:

AP Gov Review: Video #2, Separation Of Powers Everything You Need To Know About Separation Of Powers To Succeed In AP Gov

A Brief Intro What is it? Dividing (separating) government powers among different branches of government What is the purpose of it? To prevent one person (branch) from gaining (usurping) too much power Baron De Montesquieu - French Enlightenment Thinker Spirit of Laws (1748): Advocated for 3 branches of government How is it seen in the US government? 3 branches - Legislative (Congress), Executive (President), Judicial (Court System -> Supreme Court)

Article 1 Of The Constitution What is it? It establishes the legislative branch through Congress What are some powers specifically given to Congress? Can declare war, collect taxes and tariffs, regulate trade - inter and foreign, coin $, establish post offices, create courts, establish the number of justices on the Supreme Court House - vote to impeach, start revenue bills Senate - jurors in an impeachment trial, ratify treaties and presidential appointments Members of Congress cannot serve in Congress and simultaneously hold a position in the Executive Branch

Article 2 Of The Constitution What is it? It created the executive branch through the President, Vice President, and others (No mention of the cabinet) What are some powers specifically given to the Executive Branch? Commander-in-chief (Cannot declare war - checks and balances, next video) Make treaties and appoint officials (subject to Senate approval) Call special sessions for Congress Enforce laws

Article 3 Of The Constitution What is it? It established the Judicial branch through the Supreme Court and lower courts What are some powers specifically given to the Judicial Branch? To hear cases Judicial Review is NOT in the Constitution, that is established in Marbury v. Madison (check description) Judges hold their positions for life…… why? To avoid being influenced by politics; they can make unpopular decisions without fear of reprisal

Quick Recap Montesquieu’s Spirit of Laws How Separation of Powers is seen in the US Government Specific powers given to the: Legislative, Executive, and Judicial Branches

Test Tips Multiple-Choice: Montesquieu’s influence Reasons for/purpose of Separation of Powers Be able to identify specific powers of each branch Free Response: Separation of Powers as an example of limited government

See You Back Here For Video #3: Checks And Balances Thanks for watching Subscribe and share Best of luck in May!