BLOOD

Components A. Plasma – thick, sticky, yellowish liquid 1. 90% water 2. 10% salts, proteins, nutrients, waste

Red Blood Cells (RBCs) 1. Carry oxygen and carbon dioxide 2. Hemoglobin – protein that binds oxygen and carbon dioxide a. Also carries iron – makes blood red 3. No nucleus or organelles a. cannot replicate/undergo mitosis

C. White Blood Cells (WBCs - Leukocytes) 1. Fight disease 2 C. White Blood Cells (WBCs - Leukocytes) 1. Fight disease 2. Move in and out of bloodstream – gather at sites of infection 3. Engulf foreign bodies (bacteria, viruses, etc.)by phagocytosis 4. Make antibodies – respond to specific diseases

Types of WBCs Monocytes and Macrophages– phagocytes Eosinophils – parasitic infections and allergic reactions Basophils – histamine response Lymphocytes – B cells and T cells Neutrophils – bacterial and fungal infections

Platelets – cell fragments 1. Responsible for clotting – clump at wound

A. Anemia – conditions in which RBCs don’t carry enough oxygen Disorders A. Anemia – conditions in which RBCs don’t carry enough oxygen 1. Iron deficiency 2. Aplastic – body doesn’t make enough RBCs 3. Hemolytic – RBCs broken apart 4. Sickle-cell – hemoglobin gene mutation

Lymphoma and leukemia 1. WBCs become cancerous

C. Hemophilia – genetic disorder – don’t make certain proteins that help blood clot

Blood Types A. Can carry antigens on your RBCs and antibodies in your plasma

B. Transfusion of wrong blood type causes an immune response that results in agglutination (antibodies in plasma will attach to antigens on donated RBCs and cause clumping) Donor Type   A B AB O Recipient Type

C. Rh factor – other antigens that may or may not be present (+ or -) 1. Pregnancy – first pregnancy of Rh- mom with Rh+ baby - > mom creates antibodies to Rh. Second pregnancy, if baby is Rh+, antibodies from mom can destroy fetal RBCs