Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table

Chemical Symbols Abbreviated way to write the name of an element

Matter and Atoms Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. - All matter is made up of atoms!!!! - Atoms are made up of subatomic particles 1. Protons 2. Neutrons 3. Electrons

Nucleus The nucleus contains both Neutrons and Protons Protons are positively charged particles Neutrons are particles with a neutral/no charge The nucleus contains the majority of the atoms mass.

Electrons Negatively Charged particles found outside the nucleus Mass is about 1/2000 the mass of a proton

Atomic Number Is the number of protons an atom possesses - Change the # of protons you change the element Atomic # Atomic Symbol

Protons and Electrons Atomic # = # Protons In a neutral atom: the # of electrons = Atomic # or # Protons Why? Electromagnetic Force Electrons have a negative charge and protons have a positive charge In order to be balanced the number of electrons and protons must be equal.

Atomic Models Visual representation of what an atom looks like Orbital Nucleus Bohr or Planetary Model

Atomic Models Continued Electron Cloud More realistic than the planetary model Describes a region where an electron is likely to be at any time Electron Cloud Nucleus

Energy Levels and Electrons Electrons vary in their distance to the nucleus Further away = higher energy Closer = Less energy 7 Electron Energy levels Energy Level Added Per Level Total Electrons Level 1 2 2 Level 2 8 10 Level 3 8 18 Level 4 18 36 Level 5 18 54 Level 6 32 86 Level 7 32 118