Energy Notes Page 3 ©Mark Place, 2009-2010 www.LearnEarthScience.com
What’s the difference between kinetic and potential energy? Energy Transfer What’s the difference between kinetic and potential energy? Give a real-life example of each.
THROWING A BOWLING BALL WATER FLOWING IN A RIVER Kinetic Energy energy in motion EXAMPLES SKIING DOWNHILL THROWING A BOWLING BALL WATER FLOWING IN A RIVER
Potential Energy stored energy EXAMPLES AT THE TOP OF A SKI SLOPE WATER BEHIND A DAM
What are the three ways that energy can be transferred between objects? Give one real-life example of each.
Example: occurs in _____________ ________________of molecules conduction solids occurs in _____________ ________________of molecules collision Example:
differences in density convection liquids & gases occurs in _____________________ caused by ____________________ differences in density
convection examples:
From where do convection ovens heat? From the top or the bottom? refrigerators cool? From the top or the bottom?
travel by _____________ radiation waves travel by _____________ Examples:
How are different types of energy told apart? by their wavelengths Which is more powerful? Short or long waves? short
How does energy get from the Sun to the Earth? radiation
Best Absorbers dark & rough Best Reflectors light colored & smooth
A good absorber is a good RADIATOR
Please turn to Page 4 in your Energy NOTES ©Mark Place, 2009-2010 www.LearnEarthScience.com
Temperature Conversion Fill in the chart below using your Earth Science Reference Tables. Fahrenheit (°F) Celsius (°C) Kelvin (K) 30 330 -1 272 86 303 135 57
Describe the word TEMPERATURE in relation to molecular motion. Temperature Conversion Describe the word TEMPERATURE in relation to molecular motion. Cold Hot
At absolute zero, all motion stops. 0K -273°C -459°F Temperature Conversion What happens to molecular motion at absolute zero? What temperature is this in all temperature scales? At absolute zero, all motion stops. 0K -273°C -459°F
the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of Specific Heat the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance 1°C Please go to Page 1 of the Earth Science Reference Tables.
Why does water heat up and cool it has a higher specific heat down slower than land? it has a higher specific heat
the lead because it has a lower specific heat If you heated equal masses of basalt and lead, which one would record a faster increase in temperature? Explain how you know. the lead because it has a lower specific heat
Which Earth material has the greatest specific heat? liquid water
Heating Curve for Water Draw the graph of water heating. Label the following terms in their correct places: condensation, vaporization, solidification, melting. Heat lost vaporization (+540 Cal) gas 100 condensation ( -540 Cal) melting (+80 Cal) liquid Temperature (oC) solidification (-80 Cal) solid Heat added
540 540 80 80 Check the box which describes whether energy is gained or lost for each process. Process Energy Gained Energy Lost Condensation Evaporation Melting Solidification How many calories are gained or lost by water for each of the following processes? Process Calories Gained Calories Lost Condensation Evaporation Melting Solidification 540 540 80 80