Metabolic Rate & the Evaluation of Physical Performance in Children

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
© 2011 National Safety Council 15-1 ENVIRONMENTAL EMERGENCIES LESSON 15.
Advertisements

Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR)
Energy Costs of Physical Activity
Temperature Regulation
Thermoregulation & Feedback How do different organisms maintain temperature balance? Warm-blooded (endotherms) Cold-blooded (ectotherms)
Exercise Thermoregulation, Fluid Balance, and Rehydration Chapter 10 Part 1.
Water Requirements and Fluid Balance Chapter 8. Major Functions of Water Provides essential building material for cell protoplasm Protects key body tissues.
VO2 MAX VO2 Max, Aerobic Power& Maximal Oxygen Uptake. VO2 max has been defined as: "the highest rate of oxygen consumption attainable during maximal or.
Chapter 17 Environment and Exercise. Key Concepts.
Chapter 4 Energy Expenditure and Fatigue.
Integration of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Function  Oxygen consumption is the amount of O 2 taken up and consumed by the body for metabolic processes.
Power Power is how much work is accomplished per unit time. The unit for power is watt (W) It is defined as 1 joule per second Power = work ÷ time Power.
ADAPTATIONS TO THE COLD
The Immediate Effects of Exercise
Chapter 10.  Transfer of Body Heat ◦ Conduction ◦ Convection ◦ Radiation ◦ Evaporation  Humidity and Heat Loss.
Cardiac Output Q = HR x SV Q = cardiac output HR = heart rate
Chapter 17 Environment and Exercise. Heat and Human Physiology Only 15 to 40% of energy is converted into useful work. 60 to 85% of energy is wasted as.
Temperature Regulation. Importance of Temperature Regulation core temps above 41 C result in protein destruction core temps above 45 C can result in death.
Does your cardio respiratory system function at the necessary level you need for your daily activities?
Temperature Regulation When studying temperature regulation the body can be divided into two regions: the core and the shell. Core (internal organs) –temperature.
1 Access Human Biology. Temperature Regulation.. 2 Heat Production.  Energy produced by cell metabolism is in the form of heat.  The most active organs.
H OMEOSTASIS Noadswood Science, H OMEOSTASIS To know how the body controls internal conditions Sunday, August 30, 2015.
THE PHYSIOLOGY OF FITNESS
Homeostasis What is homeostasis?
Exercise and Thermal Stress
Sports Drinks Depletion of the body's carbohydrate stores and dehydration are two factors that will limit prolonged exercise. Dehydration Sweating is the.
Homeostasis SURVIVAL NEEDS Nutrients – for energy and cell building Nutrients – for energy and cell building Carbs, fats, proteins, minerals, vitamins.
Aerobic Capacity SHMD 349 7/08/ Aerobic Exercise: uses oxygen in the process of supplying energy to the body. These type of exercises are usually.
Sports Performance – Water, Food Supplements and Performance Enhancing Drugs Learning Objectives: 1. To understand the importance of hydration and electrolytic.
Work Physiology A.H. Mehrparvar, M.D. Yazd University of Medical Sciences Department of Occupational Medicine.
What has happened to these people? How did people understand unusual diseases in the old days ? Witch craft Punishment from God.
Chapter 13 NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY. Exercise, Health and Fitness Fitness is defined as the ability to perform routine physical activity without.
A.2 Environmental factors and physical performance
HOMEOSTASIS “Keeping The Status Quo”.  A set of processes used to maintain a balanced body environment  Blood pressure at 120/80  Body temperature.
Chapter 13 Nutrition and Physical Activity. Copyright 2010, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Exercise, Health and Fitness Fitness is defined as the ability to.
Detecting Temperature Change Internal (core) body temperature is kept constant within a narrow range of about 37 - 38 Changes to internal body temperature.
Temperature One of the 20 senses. By Chantel Holsather.
Thermoregulation. Homeostasis – Is the stable, constant temperature for the human body to most effectively function. This is around 37 degrees Celsius.
Effects of the Environment on Performance Kacey, Newelly, Mick, Skunk and Mimmi.
December 13, 2010 BellRinger  Read essay “behavior of homeostasis” pg  What is the difference between an ectotherm and an endotherm? Objectives.
Homeostasis & Body Temperature National 4 &5 – Multicellular Organisms.
Body Temperature RegulationBody Temperature Regulation Chapter 6 Sections 4Chapter 6 Sections 4.
Metabolic Rate & the Evaluation of Physical Performance in Children.
Growth & Development of the Respiratory & Cardiovascular Systems.
Homeostasis: Maintaining a Balance. Key Words: Maintain – keep up. Constant – the same. Internal – inside the body. Environment – surroundings of the.
Adjustments to Extrauterine Life By : Mohammad Abuadas RN, MSN.
Temperature Regulation By the end of the lesson you should know How the body corrects overheating How the body corrects overcooling What thermocreceptors.
Illinois State University Thermal Regulation and Exercise Chapter 14.
Measurement of Human Energy Expenditure
Temperature Regulation We need to regulate body temperature to provide the optimum conditions for enzyme-catalysed reactions to be carried out.
Thermoregulation Homeostasis.
Control of body temperature in humans Learning objectives: Explain how humans and other endotherms regulate their body temperature Explain the role of.
Cardio-respiratory Endurance: Assessment and Prescription
Assessing Energy Expenditure
Chapter 4 Exercise Metabolism
Chapter 4: Exercise Metabolism
PSK4U Respiratory Dynamics.
Homeostasis Noadswood Science, 2016.
Thermoregulation.
Read some of the cards laid around the room.
Cardiorespiratory Endurance
Starter Tasks MRS VOPP Testing WC State what each letter represents.
Human Thermoregulation
Biology 4: Bioenergetics
Maintaining the balance
EXCRETION HOMEOSTASIS.
Regulating Mechanisms
Metabolism Living cells use nutrients in many chemical reactions that provide energy for vital processes and activities.
Outline What is Homeostasis? Controlling body temperature
Biology 4: Bioenergetics
Presentation transcript:

Metabolic Rate & the Evaluation of Physical Performance in Children

HEAT BALANCE & TEMPERATURE REGULATION METABOLISM: CHEMICAL REACTIONS: HEAT & ENERGY HEAT LOSS: RADIATION, CONDUCTION, CONV ECT ION 70% EVAPORATION (skin & lungs) 27% WARMING INSPIRED Al R 2% URINE & FAECES 1% CONTROL: H Y P OT H A LAM U S PERIPHERAL RECEPTORS Comparison of core and peripheral temperatures

CONTROL IN NEWBORNS Mechanisms of shivering & sweating are poorly developed Sweat glands immature Large S.A./ Wt ratio Thin subcutaneous adipose tissue layer LEADS TO INSTABILITY OF BODY TEMPERATURE

Average body temperature drops with age SD also drops, indicating better control

Vasoconstriction well developed Crying increases metabolic rate CONTROL IN NEWBORNS Vasoconstriction well developed Crying increases metabolic rate Restlessness & increased movements Brown fat

Vulnerability of the Adolescent Athlete There have been several deaths of adolescent athletes Intense prolonged activity High ambient temperature & humidity Athletic equipment Big (small S.A. /Weight ratio) Lack of water

HEAT STROKE Sweating (Sweat is hypotonic) Water leaves cells to hypertonic exterior Water leaves blood, decrease in blood volume High concentration of electrolytes in blood Excessive water loss, sweating is shut-off Temperature rises rapidly (>40ºC) Heart failure

Metabolic Rate Chemical reactions of the body Reactions = Energy + Heat Direct Calorimetry sealed chamber where all inputs and outputs are monitored

Indirect Calorimetry Determination of oxygen uptake Spirometer for oxygen uptake OK for low levels of oxygen uptake Collection and analysis of expired gases Used as indicator of aerobic fitness

Respiratory Quotient

Respiratory Quotient (R.Q.) Carbohydrate C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O R = 6CO2 / 6O2 = 1.0 Fat C16H32O2 + 23O2 --> 16CO2 + 16H2O R = 16CO2 / 23O2 = 0.70

Maximum Oxygen Uptake

VO2max testing Treadmill Cycle ergometer (15% less) Criteria of max. Heart rate above 190 Subjects report VO2 plateaus Blood Lactate R greater than 1.1

Reliability of VO2max (ml.kg-1.min-1) in Children and Adolescents Source Sample Test Type Reliability Coefficient Boileau et al. (1977) 21 M, 11-14 y Walk r = .87 Cunningham et al. (1977) 66 M, 10 y Walk/Run r = .56 Cureton (1976) 27 M & F, 7-12 y r = .88 Paterson et al. (1981) 8 M, 10-12 y Jog Run R = .47 R = .87 R = .95 Note. r = interclass reliability; R = intraclass reliability (Fitnessgram Reference Guide) Typical R values for Height (0.99) and Skinfold (0.96) measurements

Feedback: Privacy Policy Feedback
Do Not Sell My Personal Information
About project: SlidePlayer Terms of Service

© 2025 SlidePlayer.com. Inc. All rights reserved.