Bell Ringer What organization made the poster? What was the one successful program from this organization? What other government organization was more successful?

Ending the “War to End All Wars”

“To the victor, go the spoils” “He who wins the war writes the history”

November 11, 1918 @11am

A Plan for Peace: Wilson’s Fourteen Points Designed to solve the problems that caused the war to happen in the first place Outlined a plan for creating a “just and lasting peace” Points 1-4: Ending secret treaties, freedom of the seas, free trade, and reducing national armies and navies Point 5: Adjustment of colonial claims with fairness toward colonial peoples Point 6-13: Specific suggestions for changing borders and creating new nations Point 14: Proposed a “general association of nations” that would protect “great and small states alike”

Paris Peace Conference David Lloyd George (GB) Woodrow Wilson (USA) Vittorio Orlando (Italy) Georges Clemenceau (France) Where’s Russia?

Hall of Mirrors

Treaty of Versailles Other Allied nations felt Wilson’s plan as too lenient League of Nations: Member nations would help preserve peace and prevent future wars (diplomacy and negotiation) Losses for Germany: Officially blamed for the war Stripped of its military Its territories were split up Required to pay reparations of $33 billion!

Inflation: The general rising of prices over time Effects for Germany Inflation: The general rising of prices over time Hyper-inflation: An extreme increase in prices over a short period of time The German reichsmark became virtually worthless

When trouble rears its ugly head, people need… A Hero? A Hero!

American Reaction to the Treaty of Versailles Senate must approve Treaty of Versailles for it to take effect “Irreconcilables”: Senators that did not want the Treaty passed; led by Henry Cabot Lodge Article X: required the US to help a League nation if it were attacked Would entangle the US in European affairs Could take away Congress’ war powers

American Reaction to the Treaty of Versailles Bitter fight between Wilson and the Senate Treaty isn’t ratified and America doesn’t join the League of Nations America retreats into isolationism

Kellogg-Briand Pact: Outlawed war; nice idea, not gonna happen. Forging Peace The Washington Disarmament Conference: Would limit the weapons held by each country; no method of enforcement. Kellogg-Briand Pact: Outlawed war; nice idea, not gonna happen. Dawes Plan: US gave $200M loan to Germany to spur its economy and begin paying reparations. Charles Dawes, an American banker and current VP, gave a $200 million loan from US banks would help stabilize the German economy It set a more realistic repayment plan than the German reparations plan under the Treaty of Versailles They could pay back Britain and France, who could then repay the US