The Valdivia earthquake

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Magnitude 7.1 NEAR THE EAST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN Thursday, April 7, 2011 at 14:32:41 UTC Japan was rattled by a strong aftershock and tsunami warning.
Advertisements

The Earth.
Earthquakes release energy
Financial Losses from Quakes Are also quite disruptive in the modern world.
Andean Volcanic Belt Formed in S. American crustal plate by subduction of the oceanic Nazca Plate. Four main volcanic zones. Varied tectonic settings include.
Science Jeopardy Chapter 11Seismic WavesFaultsPotpourriHayden.
Earthquakes.
A magnitude 7.3 earthquake occurred to the east of Kathmandu, in an area close to Mount Everest. This large earthquake is the largest aftershock so far.
Locating the source of earthquakes Focus - the place within Earth where earthquake waves originate Epicenter on an earthquake– location on the surface.
EAS 220 Lab 3: EARTHQUAKES. Travel Time Graph.
An earthquake is the vibration, sometimes violent, of the Earth's surface that follows a sudden release of stored energy when a fault ruptures. This energy.
2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami (Japan) 11 th March 2011.
Mrs. Degl The 1964 Alaska Earthquake & The Tsunami It Created Click Here Click Here To Read Some Interesting Earthquake Facts.
Earthquakes Around the World Tiffany Imbus Jen Juris Kelly Stachler.
UNIT 7 The Earth’s dynamics Natural Science 2. Secondary Education HISTORIC EARTHQUAKES.
Comparison of February 2010 Chile, January 2010 Haiti, and December 2004 Sumatra Earthquakes. EarthquakeMagnitude*Focal DepthTsunamiDeaths Chile8.835 km“minor”~900.
ANDEAN REGION. plates  This plate between the South American plate and the subduction of the Nazca and the Antarctic plate  This plate boundary is located.
Global Shakes: Erica Rios, Angie Pettenato, and Shoua Yang How earthquakes help us understand plate tectonics and identify geohazardous regions of the.
Daily Review #4 Describe the 4 different pieces of evidence to support continental drift How does convection cause a plate to move? Discuss your answer.
Measuring Earthquakes. (1) How are earthquakes studied? – or, seismograph, an instrument that measures ground vibrations seismometer – or, seismograph,
1 The Chilean Tsunami of 1960 One of the planet’s greatest natural disasters By Daniel Raphael.
Where do earthquakes occur?. Plate Tectonics The Ring of Fire.
UNIT 10 Consecuences of lithospheric dynamics Biology and Geology 4. Secondary Education HISTORIC EARTHQUAKES.
Earthquakes happen where Earth's plates meet. Most earthquakes happen under the sea. Where the plates stick, pressure builds up and then the earth shakes.
Earthquakes Chloe Aylmer 8C. An earthquake is a disturbance that can be disruptive and can have serious or small effects. It is caused by the movements.
The world was stunned on December 26, 2004 when the powerful Sumatra- Andaman earthquake triggered tsunamis that demolished many coastal areas of South.
A Case Study Example. Mark Scheme You will be awarded grades based on your investigation skills within Geography. Merits will also be available for the.
Mantle plumes and hotspots Not all volcanic activity can be related to present day active plate margins. The Pacific Ocean shows a number.
5 a day - Earthquakes Day How many seismic stations does it take to locate an earthquakes epicenter? 2. What is the name of the technique that we.
Hot Spot Volcanoes Animation Animation 2.
Earthquake book Written by Seyoung Choi. Index What causes earthquakes? Where do earthquakes occur? Pictures about slide
Tsunamis.
Plate Tectonics, Earthquakes, and Volcanoes Study Guide
Continental Margins. Most People’s Impression  Ocean is a big, bathtub-like basin.  Shallowest on edges, deepest in middle.  Not at all true!
Earthquakes.
Earthquakes Liz LaRosa 2009http:// for my 5 th grade science class 2009.
Virtual Field Experience Earthquakes. Today you will be a....Seisomologist Seismologist: scientist who studies shaking motions of the earth How are earthquakes.
2011 JAPAN EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI J APANESE E ARTHQUAKE AND T SUNAMI  At 14:46 (local time) on 11 March 2011 magnitude 9.0 earthquake struck 70km.
Earthquakes Shake, rattle and roll
The Earth.
Sichuan Earthquake in China May 12, 2008
Earthquakes.
RECENT EARTHQUAKES. NEW ZEALAND
Earthquakes and tsunamis in the last week
EARTHQUAKES.
South America EQ Report, Week 2
Destructive Forces: EARTHQUAKES.
PERU Antonio, Jasmine, and Axl! Period 2 October 15, 2013 Table 7.
Indian Ocean Earthquake
Images courtesy of Google Earth (top), and USGS (bottom).
INTRO: EARTHQUAKES!
Add To Table of Contents
Do Now Which type of boundary creates new lithosphere/oceanic crust?
Chapter 5 Section 9 How do earthquakes cause damage?
Earthquakes! Earthquakes!.
Chile Earthquake February 27, 2010
Meckering, Western Australia
Tohoku Earthquake and Tsunami
Teaching a Lesson ES Lesson Using Regents Diagrams
Earthquakes Write on the RIGHT side.
amplification of seismic waves: tsunami (seismic sea waves), T&L, Fig
Revision Year 3 Test 2 Semester A
An____________is a movement of Earth’s lithosphere that occurs when rocks in the lithosphere suddenly shift, releasing stored energy. The energy released.
Tectonics, Earthquakes, and Volcanoes Review
The Earth.
Living on the Ring of Fire
Tsunami.
Ephrata Middle School Science Miss Rand Plate Tectonics.
Earthquakes Rehana Rasool Assistant Professor Department Of Geography
Presentation transcript:

The Valdivia earthquake Earthquake of 1960 Chile The Valdivia earthquake The earthquake in Chile of 1960, also known as the “Valdivia earthquake” or “Great Chilean earthquake”, was a devastating earthquake that lasted 10 minutes, destroying the cities and towns in range. In the aftermath of the earthquake, a tsunami hit soon after the earthquake ended, hitting the coasts of Chile damaging and destroying whatever didn’t get hit by the earthquake already.

The epicenter location The epicenter of the earthquake was 60 meters deep in the ocean. It was estimated to be 100 miles off the coast in the Pacific. The people who were closer to the epicenter experienced the earthquake much more harshly than the ones who weren’t as close to the epicenter. There were many people who were effected by this event, but the worst of the damages were in the city of Valdivia, giving the great earthquake its name.

Magnitude This earthquake was the largest instrumentally recorded ever It measured a total of 9.5 on the Moment Magnitude (Mw) scale but registered only an 8.5 on the Ms scale The difference between the two scales is the Moment Magnitude scale is more scientific and uses instruments to record accurately. The Ms scale (Mercalli scale) uses the observations of the people who were in the earthquake, but isn’t as accurate as the Moment Magnitude scale because people tend to either eggaderate or not be able to describe the earthquake well.

Damage Even though this was the highest magnitude recorded, the damage and cost were not the highest. The cost of damage in Chile was roughly $500 million U.S. dollars. There were about 58,622 houses that were completely destroyed. Although Chile frequently gets earthquakes, the buildings were not built to withstand one this strong. To make things worse, after the earthquake a tsunami rolled in and caused more damage, along with more injuries and casualities. This picture proves how badly the earthquake hit the buildings and homes in Chile.

Injuries & Fatalities There were approximately 5,700 fatalities in the aftermath of the earthquake and tsunami. Reportedly, there was about 3,000 injured and there were 717 who went missing and only some were found in time. Fortunately, the large foreshocks sent people into the streets. This saved some lives, because the main shock came a few minutes after one of these large foreshocks. Many of the buildings and homes were luckily vacant when they fell. 

Map of Event The red line on the picture on the left side shows where Chile is located on the global map and the yellow circle on the picture on the right shows the location of the epicenter of the earthquake and also includes where tsunami warnings were (located in red) as well as indicating where tsunami watches were (located in orange)

Plate Tectonic Map This picture shows the coast of Chile including the plates surrounding it. The Nazca Plate is currently the plate that surrounds Chile itself and is named after the Nazca region of southern Peru and is an oceanic tectonic plate in the eastern Pacific Ocean basin off the west coast of South America. This is a subduction type plate. The movement of the Nazca Plate over several hotspots has created some volcanic islands as well as east-west running seamount chains that subduct under South America. Nazca is a relatively young plate compared to other plates.

Plate Tectonic Diagram This diagram shows how the Nazca plate subducts under the South American plate creating a deep sea trench and a chain of volcanic mountains. The deep subduction creates big earthquakes underground.

Other places this event would occur This event could happen anywhere, it just depends on how the plates are moving and the magnitude of it. Some places where similar events could happen to this earthquake could be anywhere near or on a coast, where after the earthquake hits a tsunami rolls in shortly after. The earthquake would need a fault that would move at a high magnitude, causing the earthquake to have a high rate on the moment magnitude scale.

Areas of US at risk The gentle landscape of southern Kansas hasn’t exactly been known to have had many earthquakes until recently, the notoriously flat state had just two of the seismic stations used for recording and locating earthquakes. Now, 21 are in place. They have been sorely needed. Since 2013, 192 earthquakes bigger than magnitude 2 have hit Harper and Sumner counties, on the border with Oklahoma, up from just two in the previous 35 years.

Works Cited Page http://www.britannica.com/event/Chile-earthquake-of-1960 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1960_Valdivia_earthquake https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=&url=http%3A% 2F%2Fwww.burkemuseum.org%2Fstatic%2Fearthquakes%2Fbigone%2Ftsunamis.html&psig=AFQjCNGH7O80MK3 K1vr2Duk-FyK7FCLZFw&ust=1453394177146427 https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjDrNy x6bjKAhXBcz4KHeOdCuAQjRwIBw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F1960_Valdivia_earthquake &psig=AFQjCNGH7O80MK3K1vr2Duk-FyK7FCLZFw&ust=1453394177146427 https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/great-chile-earthquake-of-may-22-1960-anniversary-edition https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=&url=http%3A% 2F%2Fjoanveronica.hubpages.com%2Fhub%2FSaved-by-the-Camellia-Tree&psig=AFQjCNHrj5fP9- T9L2qoH3TT_Twq48nmoA&ust=1453395352887803 https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiouJCA8bjKAh UCXD4KHYdkB0cQjRwIBw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.freeworldmaps.net%2Fsouthamerica%2Fchile%2Flocation.html&psi g=AFQjCNECPb94eZP3Fx3WZzl_buP4bCHTYw&ust=1453395925139885 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazca_Plate http://safety.lovetoknow.com/Earthquake_Safety_Precautions