Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
mmcl
Advertisements

Inside an Atom. The Atom As A Model Structure of an Atom Atoms consist of protons, electron, and neutrons Atoms consist of protons, electron, and neutrons.
Calderglen High School
Chemistry of Life Biology Chapter 2.
Conversations with the Earth Tom Burbine
 The atomic number equals the number of protons.  The electrons in a neutral atom equal the number of protons.  The mass number equals the sum of.
Chemistry of Life Honors Biology Chapter 2. Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space.
Matter- anything that has mass and occupies space Atom- basic unit of matter Subatomic particles: Protons (+) –in nucleus, 1 amu Neutrons (0) –in nucleus,
The Atom.
The Periodic Table of Elements and Atom Types I. Organization of the Periodic Table A. periodic law – properties of elements tend to change in a regular.
Compounds & Molecules Review: What is an atom? Smallest unit of matter that has the same defined properties Name the 3 subatomic particles that make up.
Minerals – Chemistry Review. Minerals are made up of different chemical elements bound together.
THE ATOM The smallest particle of any material.. “Protons, Electrons & Neutrons Oh My” The atom is made up of three subatomic particles The atom is made.
Interactions of Matter Text Chapter 1 Chemical Bonding.
Universe is made of matter 2.1 Matter  Matter exists in one of 3 states  Solid – definite shape & volume  Liquid – definite volume, no definite shape.
Early Chemistry Early Chemists only believed in 1 element: Dirt
Elements, Compounds, Bonds
Calderglen High School
Chapter 1: The Chemistry of Life
Atoms and Molecules.
Chapter 1: The Chemistry of Life
Chemistry.
What are elements? Element: Substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler form by ordinary chemical means. All matter is made of elements 92 naturally.
The Periodic Table of Elements.
Early Chemistry Early Chemists only believed in 1 element: Dirt
Atoms,Elements, and Compounds
Chemistry of Life Biology A.
Atoms & the Periodic Table.
THE ATOM.
Basic Chemistry Section 2.1 (Matter).
Chapter 3: Part I Biochemistry.
Lesson 2.1: Basic Chemistry
The Atom.
Early Chemistry Early Chemists only believed in 1 element: Dirt
Chemical Equation A method or model for describing what happens to reactants and products during a chemical reaction, using chemical formulas of the.
Chapter 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules
Atomic Structure / Periodic Table
Chemistry.
The Atom.
Chemistry.
Atoms,Elements, and Compounds
Elements Element- A pure substance that cannot be broken down into any other substances by ordinary chemical or physical means Elements are pure substances,
Atoms, Ions, & Molecules.
Example: Oxygen – oxygen atoms; Hydrogen – hydrogen atoms
Nature of Matter.
The Atom.
The Chemical Basis of Life
The Chemical Basis of Life
Bell work: Bohr Diagrams/ Lewis Dot Basics
What is the formula for speed?
Atomic Structure.
Self Quiz.
Chemistry of Life Biology A.
Living things consist of atoms of different elements.
Chapter Warm - Up 1. Describe the different parts of an atom.
Chemistry Basics.
Atomic Basics chemistry Notes
Atomic Structure / Periodic Table
The Atom.
Periodic Square Station
How Atoms Combine.
Matter Notes.
What You Should Already Know
Chapter 6.1 Basic Chem.
Building a “Cereal” Atom
Life depends on chemistry
The Chemical Basis of Life
Electrons … and How to Use Them!
Chemical Bonds 18.2.
Covalent Bonding.
Presentation transcript:

Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures

Elements Made up of only one type of atom Can exist as a single atom or as a molecule Molecule: two or more atoms held together by a chemical bond Examples: He, O2, N2

Atoms Each element has a specific atom An atom has 3 main parts: Protons: positively charged part of an atom. Has a mass of 1 amu (atomic mass unit) Neutrons: part of an atom with no charge. Has a mass of 1 amu. Electrons: negatively charged part of an atom. Mass is too small to measure (~0 amu) Protons and neutrons are in the nucleus. Electrons rapidly orbit the nucleus in layers called energy levels

Compounds When atoms of different elements join together by chemical bonds Always exist as molecules (in same ratio) Properties are different from the component elements Examples: H2O, CO2, C6H12O6

Mixtures When more than one substance are mixed together. Can be made from elements &/or compounds The substances do not join chemically and keep their own properties Substances can be separated out of mixture. Ex: bag of skittles, air

Periodic Table A chart organizing information about all known elements Periods- the rows of the periodic table Corresponds to electron energy levels Groups- the columns of the periodic table Atoms in the same group have the same set up of their outer (valence) electrons Elements in the same group behave similarly

Atomic Arrangement- nucleus Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus # protons = atomic number (defines the element) # neutrons = atomic mass – atomic number Round to the whole # for atomic mass. The number is a decimal because it’s an average. Isotope- atoms with the same number of protons, but different number of neutrons.

Atomic arrangement- energy levels Electrons are found orbiting the nucleus in a path called an orbital, in layers called energy levels. The number of electrons is equal to the number of protons. Elements in the first period of the PT have 1 layer of electrons. This layer can hold up to 2 electrons.

Energy levels continued Elements in the second period of the PT have 2 layers of electrons. This 2nd layer can hold up to 8 electrons.

Energy Levels continued Elements in the third period of the PT have 3 layers of electrons. This 3rd layer can hold up to 8 electrons.

Valence electrons Electrons in the outer layer or shell are called valence electrons. Atoms want to gain or lose electrons in order to have a full outer layer. When an atom gains or loses an electron, the charged atom is called an ion. Anion: An atom that has gained an electron and has a negative charge (-ide) Cation: An atom that has lost an electron and has a positive charge

Bonding Atoms form bonds to complete their outer layer of electrons and become neutral. Ionic bond: when oppositely charged ions attract forming an ionic compound Covalent bond: when atoms share one or more PAIRS of electrons (give one, get one). This happens when both atoms have almost full outer shells.