The Struggle to Control North America ~Review~

The Treaty of Utrecht ~1713~ Gave Newfoundland, Hudson’s Bay (Rupert’s Land), and most of Acadia to the British.

2 Major Struggles: Fur Trade & Atlantic Both the British and French competed over the rich resources of fur and fish throughout North America This competition over the fur trade looked different for both countries. Why? Why did countries want to control the Atlantic coast? Where did the French build Louisburg? Where did the British build Halifax? Who gained control of Acadia?

Louisburg Halifax

Deportation of the Acadians ~1755~ Who were the Acadians? (review on pg.35) What happened to the Acadians?

The Final Struggle ~The Seven Years War~ 1756 War again breaks out in Europe between France and Britain. Each country uses very different strategies to fight the war, and therefore the war had different outcomes for each country. The British were eager to defeat the French and knew they had to control the St. Lawrence river in order to do this so they sent 7-8 times more men, than France to fight in North America!

Disputed Territory! Three Attacks by the British Area’s the French and British were fighting over

1. First the British Capture Louisburg British need to take control of Louisburg in order to gain control of the St. Lawrence river entrance. If successful they could sail down the river to attack QUEBEC!

2. Capture of the Ohio Valley The British found this war necessary in order to reduce French influence in this LARGE area! With the capture of the Ohio valley the British were able to travel up the St. Lawrence to Quebec!

3. Capture of Quebec If the British successfully captured Quebec, it would be the end of French control in North America.

Louis-Joseph, Marquis de Montcalm Leader of the French army in Quebec The French forces heard that the British army was planning a surprise attack on Quebec City. Montcalm was in charge of deciding what was best to do. Some of his men were 16km away where they had thought the British were going to attack. Montcalm had to make the decision: Should he keep his army within the fortified (protected) town of Quebec and wait for the British attack? Should he send word to the men 16km away to attack the British from behind? Should he attack immediately with the men he has on the Plains of Abraham?

Governor James Wolfe British commander He tried for 3 months to capture Quebec but continuously failed. Because of their fighting strategies, the British were finally successful and managed to take over Quebec during the Battle of the Plains of Abraham Wolfe’s army was successful because they were very disciplined and they knew how to fight in an open field rather than guerilla style which was what the French were used to.

Battle on the Plains of Abraham Guerilla warfare How are these two war styles different?