The Appendicular Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton Figure 8–1

The Appendicular Skeleton Allows us to move and manipulate objects Includes all bones besides axial skeleton: the __________ the supportive ___________

What are the bones of the pectoral girdle, their functions, and features?

The Pectoral Girdle Figure 8–2a

The Pectoral Girdle ____________________ _________________ Positions the shoulders Provides a base for arm movement

The Pectoral Girdle Consists of: __________ _____________ Connects with the axial skeleton only at the manubrium

The Clavicles Figure 8–2b, c

The Clavicles Also called collarbones Long, S-shaped bones Originate at the __________________ Articulate with the ________________

The Scapulae _________________ Broad, flat triangles Articulate with arm and collarbone

The Scapula _____________________________________ Figure 8–3a

Structures of the Scapula Body has 3 sides: ________________ ____________(vertebral border) _____________(axillary border)

Structures of the Scapula Figure 8–3b

The Scapular Head _________________ Which articulates with humerus To form shoulder joint

Processes of the Glenoid Cavity __________________: anterior, smaller _____________: posterior, larger articulates with clavicle at the acromioclavicular joint

Structures of the Scapula Posterior surface Figure 8–3c

Posterior Features of the Scapula ____________: ridge across posterior surface of body Separates 2 regions: _____________ ______________ 3D Rotation of Scapula, Clavicle and Humerus PLAY

What are the bones of the upper limbs, their functions, and features?

The Upper Limbs Arms, forearms, wrists, and hands Note______________________________

The Humerus Figure 8–4

The Humerus Also called the arm The long, upper armbone Articulates with the pectoral girdle

The Distal Epiphysis Medial and lateral epicondyles: for muscle attachment Condyle of the humerus: _____________________

Articular Regions of the Condyle ____________: coronoid fossa and olecranon fossa articulates with ulna _____________: radial fossa articulates with radius

The Forearm Figure 8–5

The Forearm Also called the antebrachium Consists of 2 long bones: ___________ (medial) ___________(lateral)

Ulna: The Olecranon Superior end of _____________ Point of elbow Superior lip of ________________ Articulates with trochlea of humerus

Ulna: Articulations with the Humerus Forearm extended: olecranon enters ________________ Forearm flexed: coronoid process enters _________________

Ulna: Other Articulations _____________: articulates with head of radius forms proximal radioulnar joint ______________: prominent styloid process attaches to articular disc between forearm and wrist

The Radius Lateral bone of forearm Disk-shaped ____________above the neck _____________below the neck, attaches biceps

Articulations of the Radius __________: distal end articulates with wrist and radius ______________: stabilizes wrist joint

The Wrist Figure 8–6

The Wrist 8 _____________: 4 ____________ 4 ________________ allow wrist to bend and twist

Metacarpal Bones _____________________ Numbered I–V from lateral (thumb) to medial Articulate with proximal phalanges

Phalanges of the Hands __________________ Fingers: 2 phalanges (proximal, distal) Fingers: 3 phalanges (proximal, middle, distal)