Acid Compound that increases the amount of ______________________________________ that are present Usually starts with _________ in their chemical formula.

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General Chemistry Spring 2010
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Presentation transcript:

Acid Compound that increases the amount of ______________________________________ that are present Usually starts with _________ in their chemical formula Examples: Hydrochloric acid (HCl) Citric acid (H3C6H5O7) Lactic acid (HC3H5O3)

____________________ Acids Hydrochloric acid = HCl Same acid in your ____________________________ Sulfuric acid = H2SO4 Car battery acid ____________________________ acid = HNO3 Used in fertilizers and explosives Acetic acid = HC2H3O2 Acid in ________________________________ Formic acid = HCOOH Citric acid = H3C6H5O7 Acid in citrus fruits

Base Compound that dissolves in water to increase the amount of ____________________________________ that are present Usually have ____________ in their chemical formula Examples: Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) Ammonia (NH3)

________________ Bases Sodium hydroxide = NaOH Lye; in oven cleaner and __________________________________________ Lithium hydroxide = LiOH Used in ___________________________________ for space crafts, submarines _________________________________ = NH3 In cleaning products; terrible smell

pH Value that is used to express the ________________________________________ (basicity) of a solution The pH scale ranges from ___________________ 0 is the most ____________________ (strongest acids) 14 is the most __________________ (strongest bases) 7 is considered _____________________ (pure water) Anything less than 7 is an acid Anything greater than 7 is a base pH is a logarithmic scale, which means a small change in pH is a big difference in acidity or alkalinity.

pH Scale

Acid + Base = ____________________________ A reaction between an acid and a base is called a _____________________________________________ You get __________________________________ and a _____________________**** which is a neutral solution. ****If there are equal amounts of the same strength acid and base

Common Acidic and Basic Things Basic (Alkaline) Bleach Soap __________________________________________ Wasp Stings Acidic ____________________________ (helps preserve) Marinades (for meats) Lactic acid (converts milk to yogurt) Soda Pop, Coffee

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