51,524 6,691 80,857 1,111,566 1,396,091 252,047 330,857.

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Presentation transcript:

51,524 6,691 80,857 1,111,566 1,396,091 252,047 330,857

Confederation and Canada’s First Nations Prevailing Attitudes: Europeans as ‘superior’ First Nations should assimilate (live like Europeans) At the time of Confederation: First Nations not included in negotiations for Confederation Why is this problematic?

Canadian Expansion In order to reach his dream of expanding and settling the West, Macdonald had to first deal with the ‘Indian Problem’ Solution: Sign treaties that exchange land for certain rights/supports

Stipulations: Promises or reserves of land Schools built on the new reserves Farm implements, seeds, farm animals Instruction on farming techniques The prohibition of the liquor trade Providing medicine Granting hunting and fishing rights forever Lump sum cash payments Annual cash payments Assistance in case of famine or pestilence

Important to Note: British Columbia is still mostly unceded territory (no treaties were ever signed). Many of the promises made in the numbered treaties were not followed through on. Beginning of transition from ‘partner’ relationship to one of paternalism

Indian Act, 1876 Legislation designed to help the Government administrate First Nations. Made by parliament with NO consultation of First Nations peoples A clear goal: assimilation, integration and eventual abolition of reserves and of special rights for the First Nations.