MUSCLES 11/17/2018

The human body 11/17/2018

About how many muscles do you think the human body has? Answer = 650 11/17/2018

How many muscles do you think are in our face and neck? Our face and neck contain about one-fourth of the muscles in our body. That is about 125+ muscles. 11/17/2018

Smile or Frown? A never-ending debate…but research suggests the following numbers: It takes 17 muscles to smile and 43 muscles to frown, OR.. It takes 26 muscles to smile and 62 muscles to frown                                 What conclusion can we make from these 2 statements? - That people smile & frown differently… but you should still be POSITIVE! ;) 11/17/2018

Muscles… Muscles have three important functions: i) to produce movement (through contraction) ii) maintain posture (maintain muscle tone against force of gravity) ii) generate heat (byproduct of muscle contraction, *NB for temperature regulation) 11/17/2018

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What are muscles made of? Muscles are made of hundreds of tiny fibers. 11/17/2018

What do muscles need to function? Oxygen (helps w the conversion of ‘nutrients’ into energy (ATP *see below)… insufficient O2 = cramps ATP (energy ‘molecule’ of the body) Glucose (broken down to produce ATP) Amino Acids (=protein – muscle growth/development) Vitamin D (promotes muscle growth, especially after injury) Zinc (regulates protein function) *This all gets there through the blood which perfuses the muscles fibres at capillaries 11/17/2018

Yes - Muscles make up about half of your body weight. Are muscles dense? Yes - Muscles make up about half of your body weight. Think of this then from a weight training/fitness perspective – as you workout, build muscle and get more fit, you will actually weigh MORE (that’s why it’s important to not fixate on the #). 11/17/2018

How do muscles move our bones? Do muscles pull or push our bones? Muscles pull in order to make our bones move. Our muscles usually work in pairs (antagonist muscle pairs). One muscle contracts (pulls) while the opposite muscle relaxes (extends) 11/17/2018

When your arm is straight: Your bicep is relaxed Your Tricep is contracted 11/17/2018

Your bicep is contracted When you arm is bent: Your bicep is contracted Your tricep is relaxed 11/17/2018

There are three different types of muscle in our body. 3 Types of muscles There are three different types of muscle in our body. Skeletal muscles Smooth muscles Cardiac muscles 11/17/2018

Skeletal muscles Are voluntary muscles that move bones. Are called striated because they look striped (dark & light bands = sarcomeres) Are attached to tendons, which are attached to bones. 11/17/2018

Skeletal Muscle 11/17/2018

Tendons Tendons are tough cords (fibrous collagen tissue) that attach muscles to bones. 11/17/2018

To digest food, pump blood,vomit, control bladder, and give birth Smooth Muscles Are involuntary muscles that make up the blood vessels, stomach, intestines, and other groups We can not control our smooth muscles What are some example of when our smooth muscles are used? To digest food, pump blood,vomit, control bladder, and give birth 11/17/2018

Smooth Muscle 11/17/2018

Cardiac Muscle A special kind of involuntary, striated (striped) muscle that makes up the heart. The muscles in the heart contract in order to pump the blood through your body. If your muscle stops pumping the blood, you have a heart attack (‘cardiac arrest’) 11/17/2018

Cardiac Muscle 11/17/2018

3 types of muscle Smoot Cardiac Skeletal 11/17/2018

How many times does your heart beat in a day? The cardiac muscles in your heart cause it to beat between 70 and 80 times per minute. So in a 24-hr period, this is 115,200 beats!! 11/17/2018

What happens when we do not use our muscles? Our muscles get smaller, which makes them weak = ATROPHY (opposite of HYPERTROPHY) Can you think of some examples of when this may happen? 11/17/2018

That’s why it’s so important for us to keep MOVING (bone & joint health), EXERCISE regularly (maintain/develop muscles) and EAT NUTRITIOUS foods (provide healthy & adequate fuel) 11/17/2018