BTEC Level 2 Sport Unit 4 – The Sports Performer In Action Task 1 – Short Term Effects of Exercise D Nicholls

Objectives To identify the short term effects of exercise on the human body.

Introduction. Think about what happens when you exercise… What happens when you first exercise? How long does it last? Why does this happen?

What impacts happen on each? Body Systems… Musculoskeletal Cardiorespiratory What impacts happen on each?

Short Term - Musculoskeletal Increased production of synovial fluid for joint lubrication and nourishment Increased joint range of movement due to increase in blood flow and increased muscle temperature Micro tears in muscle fibres, causing the muscle to rebuild itself and become slightly bigger and stronger Exercise (high-impact activity) encourages new bone formation Increased metabolic activity. You need to explain each one in relation to short term exercise. Make sure you are clear!!! What examples can you come up with?

Short Term – Cardiorespiratory (1) Increased heart rate due to the heart having to work harder to pump oxygenated blood around the body Increased breathing rate, in order to supply more oxygen to working muscles and remove carbon dioxide Increased blood flow Sweat production and skin reddening Re-distribution of blood flow via the vasoconstriction (narrowing) of arterioles supplying inactive parts of the body and vasodilation (opening) of arterioles supplying skeletal muscles with more blood and nutrients Increased build-up of lactic acid in the blood

Short Term – Cardiorespiratory (2) Increased cardiac output to get oxygenated blood to working muscles (due to Increased heart rate and stroke volume) Increased blood pressure – as the cardiovascular system works to deliver more oxygen and glucose to the muscles (systolic pressure rises and diastolic pressure remains unchanged) As muscular activity increases, the production of carbon dioxide increases resulting in an increase in Tidal Volume (TV) (TV is the amount of air inhaled and exhaled with each breath).

Your task… You need to explain HOW exercise effects the body systems, and WHY. Make sure you offer up clear explanations. Make sure you use examples where possible to illustrate your points. Use diagrams or images to back up your statements where possible. Make sure your explanation demonstrates your understanding!