Bonding—Day 17 Materials Needed: Writing Utensil Folder Notebook Physical Science Bonding—Day 17 Materials Needed: Writing Utensil Folder Notebook

Day 17 Bell work: How do two Hydrogen atoms and one Oxygen atom bond to become water? Agenda Introduction to Ionic Bonding Bonding Basics Notes (Sections A&B) Bonding Activity

Q1: What is a characteristic of nonmetals? Nonmetals are dull looking. Nonmetals lose electrons easily. Nonmetals are good conductors. Nonmetals can be hammered into different shapes. SC12.2.1.h DOK.1

Mathematics Booster Using the graph below, answer the following questions: Which compound has the highest boiling point? Which has a lower Boiling Point, HF or H2Te? How do you know?

Greek/Latin Greek/Latin Meaning Examples vale strength, worth -al relating to -cule very small co with, together syn together de down, off, of

Objectives I will know how ionic bonds form. I will be able to identify the number of valence electrons in an atom and how they allow an atom to bond.

Bell Work Answer How do two Hydrogen atoms and one Oxygen atom bond to become water?

A1: What is a characteristic of nonmetals? Nonmetals are dull looking. – Correct. Nonmetals do not have luster. Nonmetals lose electrons easily. – Incorrect. Nonmetals generally gain or share electrons. Nonmetals are good conductors. – Incorrect. Nonmetals are generally poor conductors of heat and electricity. Nonmetals can be hammered into different shapes. – Incorrect. Nonmetals are brittle and will break when pounded. *luster is similar to shine. Nonmetals are not shiny. SC12.2.1.h DOK.1

Mathematics Booster Using the graph below, answer the following questions: Which compound has the highest boiling point? H2O Which has a lower Boiling Point, HF or H2Te? H2Te How do you know? H2Te is lower on the graph

T. Trimpe 2008 http://sciencespot.net/ Bonding Basics T. Trimpe 2008 http://sciencespot.net/

Section A: Complete the chart using a periodic table to help you. Charge Cl 17 7 Gain 1 -1 Remind the students that the oxidation number is the charge of the cation or anion formed. Fill in the information for chlorine together and give students time to fill in the rest of the table. Students can answer the next four questions on the worksheet, too. Complete the questions under section A on your worksheet.

Section A: Complete the chart using a periodic table to help you. Charge Cl 17 7 Gain 1 -1 K 19 1 Remind the students that the oxidation number is the charge of the cation or anion formed. Fill in the information for chlorine together and give students time to fill in the rest of the table. Students can answer the next four questions on the worksheet, too. Complete the questions under section A on your worksheet.

NEGATIVE POSITIVE ION CATION ANION Answer these questions: An atom that gains one or more electrons will have a ____________________ charge. An atom that loses one or more electrons will have a ____________________ charge. An atom that gains or loses one or more electrons is called an ____________. A positive ion is called a ______________ and a negative ion is called an _______________. NEGATIVE POSITIVE ION CATION ANION “An-Eye-On” “Cat-Eye-On”

Example B1: Sodium + Chlorine What is an ionic bond? Atoms will transfer one or more ________________ to another to form the bond. Each atom is left with a ________________ outer shell. An ionic bond forms between a ___________ ion with a positive charge and a ________________ ion with a negative charge. Example B1: Sodium + Chlorine ELECTRONS COMPLETE METAL NONMETAL Review Electron Dot Diagrams and review the number of valence electrons for sodium (1) and chlorine (7). Explain that the one valence electron on sodium transfers to chlorine, giving both of them an octet and creating Na+ and Cl-. The equation shows how the ions combine to form a neutral compound. The ionic compound is named by naming the cation (sodium) and the anion, whose ending is changed to -ide (chloride). Sodium Chloride

Magnesium Iodide Potassium Iodide

Sodium Oxide Calcium Chloride

Aluminum Chloride

Bond with a Classmate Each student will receive an ion card. Walk around the classroom to find another ion with the opposite charge. Complete the worksheet by writing the positive ion and negative ion. Give the formula of the compound by crossing over the charges and placing them as subscripts. For example, Ca+2 and Cl-1  CaCl2 Name the compound, as shown in the example. After you have made three bonds using one ion, switch ions and form more bonds. Explain the balancing of charges by crossing the charges over and bringing them down as subscripts. Remind students that they should reduce the subscripts if possible.

Exit Slip Why do ions combine to form ionic compounds? Make sure students understand that ions bond because the + and – charges attract.