Constitutional Convention

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Constitutional Convention Notes 1-4

Constitutional Convention Articles of Confederation: America’s first national government (1776-1787) Federal Gov’t was too weak to survive

Weaknesses of the Articles All 13 states have to agree to decisions States decide if they want to contribute money to Federal Gov’t Can’t draft soldiers Can’t tax citizens to pay for an army

Prominent Delegates George Washington Alexander Hamilton Ben Franklin James Madison

Constitutional Convention James Madison: “Father of the Constitution”

Constitutional Convention Virginia Plan Favors strong Federal GOVT Supported by states with largest populations Representation: Based on Population

Constitutional Convention 2. New Jersey Plan Favors 13 strong States Supported by states with small populations Representation: Equal for all states

Constitutional Convention 3. The Great Compromise Strong National GOVT Congress (Legislative Branch) 1. Senate – equal representation 2. House of Representatives – representation based on state’s population President (Executive Branch) Supreme Court (Judicial Branch) Senate choosen by State Legislatures House of Reps choosen by People

Constitutional Convention 4. Three-Fifths Compromise “Curse on the U.S. Constitution” Are black slaves property or people? Count slaves as 3/5’s of a person for representation States must pay taxes on 3/5’s of slaves Madison tries to get rid of slavery but fails Southern economy tied to slavery

Three-Fifths Compromise

Constitutional Convention 5. Economic Compromise Slave Trade ends in 1808 Congress could not tax exports Treaties must be approved by 2/3 vote of the Senate