Reforming American Society A religious revival sparks reform movements, including calls to outlaw slavery. Factory laborers begin to demand better working conditions. A women’s rights movement forms. NEXT

Religion Sparks Reform 8.1 Religion Sparks Reform A renewal of religious sentiment—known as the Second Great Awakening—inspires a host of reform movements. NEXT

I. The Second Great Awakening http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sjt392m36yo 1 SECTION I. The Second Great Awakening A. Religious Activism • religious revival movement, sweeps U.S. after 1790 • Individual responsible for own salvation, can improve self, society • Charles G. Finney inspires emotional religious faith B. Revivalism • Revival—gathering to awaken religious faith; lasts 4 to 5 days, greatly increases church membership Continued . . . NEXT

II. Transcendentalism and Reforms 1 SECTION II. Transcendentalism and Reforms A. Transcendentalism • Ralph Waldo Emerson leads group: - literary and philosophical movement - emphasizes simple life, truth found in nature • Henry David Thoreau puts self-reliance into practice, writes Walden • Thoreau urges civil disobedience, peaceful refusal to obey laws NEXT

III. Americans Form Ideal Communities 1 SECTION III. Americans Form Ideal Communities A. Utopias • Utopian communities— experimental groups, try to create perfect place • Most last only a few years NEXT

IV. Schools and Prisons Undergo Reform 1 SECTION IV. Schools and Prisons Undergo Reform A. Reforming Asylums and Prisons • Dorothea Dix gets 10 states to improve conditions for mentally ill • stress rehabilitation to obtain position in society B. Improving Education Horace Mann establishes teacher training, curriculum/ public school reforms By 1850s, all states have publicly funded elementary schools NEXT