Matter Study Guide

Define the following the words: Matter – is anything that has mass and takes up space Element – a substance that is made up of one type of atom Evaporation – is a change of state from a liquid to a gas Solid – has a definite volume and shape

Define the following the words: Physical Property – can be measured without changing the identity of a substance Liquid – has a definite volume but not a definite shape Law of Conservation of Mass – mass can not be created or destroyed; applies to both a physical and chemical change

Define the following the words: Physical Change – a change that affects one or more physical properties of a substance Chemical Change – is when one or more substances changes into entirely new substances with different properties

Two examples of chemical properties: Reactivity Flammability

Stretching a rubber band Dissolving sugar into water Cutting your hair Three examples of physical changes that matter can undergo and explain why they are physical changes. Stretching a rubber band Dissolving sugar into water Cutting your hair These are physical changes because they do not change into some other substance, they are changing the appearance

Three examples of chemical changes that matter can undergo and explain why they are physical changes. Sugar/Yeast/Warm Water can form a gas Milk that has soured Burning candle These things are chemical changes because a new substance is formed when they undergo these changes.

How do particles move in matter? (solid, liquids, and gas) Solid – particles vibrate Liquid – particles slide past one another Gas – they will spread out and move All particles that make up all matter are constantly in motion.

Why is water a pure substance? Each water molecule is identical because it is made up of one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms.

How is mass different from weight? Mass is the amount of matter in an object while weight is a measure of the gravitational force on an object.

Describe the difference between a chemical change and a physical change? A chemical change will change into a new substance, while a physical change does not change into a new substance.

When ice melts is it a physical or chemical change and why? The ice will undergo a physical change because the ice will melt and turn into liquid water, but I could freeze the water and have it turn.

What causes matter to change state? When matter changes states the motion of the molecules and the amount of space between them changes.

The Popsicle has the lowest density. Find the density of each substance. What substance has the lowest density? Substance   Mass (g) Volume (cm3) Density(g/cm3) Block of Wood 200 175 1.14  Popsicle 210 .95  Lemonade 1  Cake Batter 150  1.33 The Popsicle has the lowest density.

Circle the box with 6 atoms. Look at the images below. Circle the image below that has the higher density? Explain why that image has greater density. Circle the box with 6 atoms. It has a greater/higher density because there are more particles that are closer together in the area than the other image.