Determining Age using Bones

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Presentation transcript:

Determining Age using Bones Notes on page 103

Definitions Epiphysis - The end of a long bone that is originally separated from the main bone by a layer of cartilage but that later becomes united to the main bone through ossification Fused – bones joined together Fully ossified – when all cartlidge at end of bones as been converted to bone and growth is done

What to Look For? If the person is young: Length of the bones Fusion of epiphysis Cartilaginous caps on the ends of long bones Allow bones to grow as we age Fuse together as we age Bones aren’t as strong before they fuse Status of the teeth

Young or Old?

What to Look For? In people over 20: Epiphysis on sternal end of clavicle is last epiphysis to fuse at approximately 30 years Sternal ends of 4th rib change Look at depth of pitting

What to Look For? Over 30: Look for deterioration (I’m deteriorating!!!) Look for lower back problems Less dense bones More porous bones Normal X-ray Osteoporosis X-ray

Best Bone for Age? The pelvis! Two lowest segments of sacral vertebrae are joined together? (18) Ileum, ishium and pubis are joined together? (13-14) Ischium and pubis are almost completely united? (7-8) Ileum, ischium and pubis fully ossified? (no epiphyseal unions) (20-25) All segments of sacrum are united? (25-30)

Changes in Humerus Humeral Head Greater Tuberosity Head and tuberosities are more defined at birth and join to become one epiphysis (6 years) Radial head, trochlea and external condyle blend to unite with shaft (16-17) Internal condyle unites with shaft (18) Upper epiphysis unites with shaft (20) Internal Condyle External Condyle Radial Head Trochlea

Changes in Femur Greater trochanter appears at age 4 Lesser trochanter appears at ages 13-14 Head, greater and lesser trochanters join the shaft at age 18 Condyles join shaft at age 20