Product Specifications Chapter 5 EIN 6392, summer 2012 Product Design for Manufacturability and Automation 11/17/2018

Product Design and Development Karl T. Ulrich and Steven D. Eppinger 1. Introduction 2. Development Processes and Organizations 3. Product Planning 4. Identifying Customer Needs 5. Product Specifications 6. Concept Generation 7. Concept Selection 8. Concept Testing 9. Product Architecture 10. Industrial Design 11. Design for Manufacturing 12. Prototyping 13. Product Development Economics 14. Managing Projects 11/17/2018

Concept Development Process Mission Statement Development Plan Identify Customer Needs Establish Target Specifications Generate Product Concepts Select Product Concept(s) Test Product Concept(s) Set Final Specifications Plan Downstream Development Perform Economic Analysis Benchmark Competitive Products Build and Test Models and Prototypes Target Specs Based on customer needs and benchmarking Final Specs Based on selected concept, feasibility, models, testing, and trade-offs 11/17/2018

Outline Nature of specifications Spec vs. specs. Target vs. refined specs. Process for setting target specs Process for setting final specs 11/17/2018

Spec vs. Specs A spec consists of a metric and a value Specs is a set of specs. 11/17/2018

Target vs. refined specs Target specs: the hopes and aspirations of the design (ideal and marginal) Refined specs: trade-offs among different desired characteristics. Intermediate specs Final specs It is in the project’s contract book 11/17/2018

Nature of Specifications The reference point of the design A reference for functionality design and quality planning It may consist of a hierarchy of specs for the final product as well as its components 11/17/2018

Procedure for establishing target specifications Identify a list of metrics and measurement units that sufficiently address the needs Collect the competitive benchmarking information Set ideal and marginal acceptable target values for each metric (at least, at most, between, exactly, etc.) Reflect on the results and the process 11/17/2018

Process for setting the final specifications Develop technical models to assess technical feasibility. The input is design variable and the output is metric. Develop a cost model of the product. Refine the specifications, marking the tradeoffs where necessary to form a competitive map. “Flow down” the final overall specs to specs for each subsystem Reflect on the results to see If the product is a winner and/or How much uncertainty there is in the technical and cost model. If there is a need to develop a better technical model. 11/17/2018

Product Specifications Example: Mountain Bike Suspension Fork 11/17/2018

Start with the Customer Needs 11/17/2018

Establish Metrics and Units 11/17/2018

Link Metrics to Needs 11/17/2018

Benchmark on Customer Needs 11/17/2018

Benchmark on Metrics 11/17/2018

Assign Marginal and Ideal Values 11/17/2018

Concept Development Process Mission Statement Development Plan Identify Customer Needs Establish Target Specifications Generate Product Concepts Select Product Concept(s) Test Product Concept(s) Set Final Specifications Plan Downstream Development Perform Economic Analysis Benchmark Competitive Products Build and Test Models and Prototypes Target Specs Based on customer needs and benchmarking Final Specs Based on selected concept, feasibility, models, testing, and trade-offs 11/17/2018

Perceptual Mapping Exercise Chocolate Crunch Opportunity? KitKat Nestlé Crunch Hershey’s w/ Almonds Hershey’s Milk Chocolate 11/17/2018

Specification Trade-offs Trade-off Curves for Three Concepts Estimated Manufacturing Cost ($) Score on Monster (Gs) 11/17/2018

Set Final Specifications 11/17/2018

Quality Function Deployment (House of Quality) technical correlations relative importance engineering metrics customer needs benchmarking on needs relationships between customer needs and engineering metrics 11/17/2018 target and final specs

Chapter 5 HW The pen writes smoothly. Metrics Exercise: Ball Point Pen Write down 5 possible metrics for the customer need: The pen writes smoothly. 11/17/2018