Yippie for Tuesday  Grab your supplies & put them under your desk You’ll need them after your test  It’s going to be a good test day  Lots to do the rest of the week. Finish as much of G9 as we can (it’s a big goal) Reports cards go home today Failure Contracts go home today

Politics of the 1920s Fordney-McCumber Tariff, 1922 The Dawe’s Plan The Ohio Gang Teapot Dome Scandal Calvin Coolidge, 1923-1929 Farmers & Coolidge Price Supports Kellogg-Briand Pact, 1928 Russian Revolution, 1917 Communism The Red Scare, 1920s Palmer Raids Sacco & Vanzetti, 1920 Results of the Red Scare Rise of the KKK Emergency Quota Act, 1921 Labor unrest in the 1920s Strikes John Lewis Decline of Unions Warren G. Harding, 1921-1923

The Russian Revolution, 1917 During WWI, Russia underwent a sweeping revolution Lenin came into power The Soviet Union became a Communist county under Lenin & the Bolshevik party Communism is an economic/political system governed by a dictator (Lenin) End private property & the government would own everything We are afraid of an attempted Communist takeover in the USA

The Red Scare, 1920s Russia became a Communist country in 1917 & is called the Soviet Union (USSR) Fear of the Communist takeover in the USA The Communist Party formed in the USA & many radicals joined the party How do we feel about radicals? Several bombs were mailed to the government, which seemed to confirm our suspicions. What do you know about how we feel about immigrants? What do you think we’re going to do?

The Palmer Raids Attorney General of the USA (Head of the Justice Dept.) USA government hunts people considered dangerous to society Ex: Communists, radicals, socialists & anarchists Not concerned with real evidence & often violated peoples’ Constitutional rights Ex: 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th Amendments Failed to turn up any evidence of a Communist takeover in the USA Was he just trying to boost his image, after all, he did aspire to become President Fueled fear of foreigners & immigrants

Sacco & Vanzetti, 1920 Italian immigrants who just so happened to be anarchists (watch out) Avoided the draft during WWI = unpatriotic Arrested & charged with robbery & murder of a paymaster “Appeared to be Italian” Judge in the made made racial remarks Jury found them guilty & they were sentenced to death 1961: New ballistic technology proved that Sacco’s gun was the murder weapon, but no proof of who pulled the trigger We were more concerned about making an example out of them than the truth

Emergency Quota Act, 1921 Result of the immigration boom of the late 19th Century Immigration up 600% Set maximum number of people that could come to the USA from a foreign country ie: We will only accept 500 Serbian immigrants Goal: To decrease the number of immigrants Especially from S. & E. Europe & Japan Chart on page 622 in the book

Results of the Red Scare Keep America for Americans A rise in nativism swept the nation Anti-immigrant attitudes had been on the rise since the immigration boom of the late 1800s Organizations & federal guidelines were created to combat the immigrants

Rise of the KKK “100% American” 4.5 million members by 1924 Main goals were: “Put blacks in their place” Attack Unions Forcing Jews, Catholics & immigrants out of the USA Dominated state politics, especially in the South Began to decrease by end of the 1920s

Labor Unions Strikes were illegal during the war Most companies/workers agreed, it was good for the war effort Putting in extra time, working for little pay etc. After the war, many workers went on strikes wanting to be recognized for their war effort More pay Unions become associated with Communists Industry claimed these strikes were Communist plots Decrease in unions

Strikes 3 strikes in particular grabbed our attention Boston Police Strike: Seen as striking against public safety Steel Mill Strike: Showed people how bad working conditions were Still not allowed to unionize Coal Miner’s Strike: Forced the gov’t. to negotiate with union John Lewis: Strong leader of the Miner’s Union

Warran G. Harding, 1921 - 1923 Won the 1920 election Republican “Return to Normalcy” Go back to simpler times, before Progressivism Wanted limited government involvement in business What is this called? Laissez-faire

Fordney-McCumber Tariff, 1922 High protective tariff; raised taxes on all imports to 60%! Done to protect American business Made it difficult for England & France to make money & repay war debt Demanded German reparations & France threatened to go back to war – the crazy cheese eaters The Dawe’s Plan: Set up payment plan for Germany to repay war debts (reparations) US industry would loan Germany $2.5 million so Germany would repay France & England France & England would then repay what they owed the USA US getting paid with its own money!

The Ohio Gang Harding’s poker buddies who sat on his cabinet What is this called? Spoils System Involved in many scandals that would have a negative impact on Harding’s administration Illegally selling gov’t. supplies to private companies & taking bribes

Teapot Dome Scandal Navy oil deposit that was sold to the private oil industry It was only supposed to be for the Navy – this might put us in danger!! Albert Fall (Sec. of Interior) sold the oil reserves to the oil industry & received over $400,000 mysteriously “I have no trouble with my enemies…But my friends…they’re the ones that keep me walking the floors at night!” Harding died of a stroke in 1923

Calvin Coolidge, 1923 - 1929 Republican Became Pres. after Harding’s death & won the 1924 election Pro-business “The chief business of the American people is business” Used laissez-faire policies – limiting gov’t. involvement in business Wanted to protect American profits, keep taxes down & allow businesses to expand by issuing more credit BUY! BUY! BUY!

Problems with Farmers After WWI, farmers still overproducing for the war effort No longer need such large quantities & the market is flooded with agricultural products Too many products caused prices decline – Fast! Farmers were losing money Farmers asked for help from the Fed. Gov’t. & asked for price supports A minimum purchase price for agricultural products Coolidge failed to pass price supports for farmers Farmers struggle during the 1920s & are the 1st to feel the effects of the Great Depression Will effect the American economy in the 1930s!

Kellogg-Briand Pact, 1928 Made offensive war illegal & renounced war as a national policy Signed by 15 countries No real way to enforce it What international organization was created to prevent war from starting?