CS-PreAP

What is CS? It is the study of computing principles. It’s essentially the study of how machines follow directions.

History of CS 1st: We need binary logic: 10101111010 10001011 1001111010 11 In the 1800s, the field of binary logic was born, giving rise to the idea of Boolean logic. This in turn gave rise to the field of combinatory logic which fed combinatory circuits.

WW2: The transistor After the war, we invented the transistor, a device that is capable of handling a charge.

Transistors, along with Boolean logic, became the first set of closed circuits that we could build.

Then we found out we could do some interesting things with complicated circuits.

And even more

This eventually led to the invention of integrated circuits..

What are integrated circuits? They are essentially a collection of resistors, capacitors, transistors, and logic gates that have “stuffed” into one piece of semiconductor to perform a required task. This revolutionized computing. Now we need high level language.

High Level Language basic language load reg 16 0x1000 load reg 15 0x1600 load reg 17, reg 16 + reg 15 read reg 17 load reg OUTPUT, reg 17 write OUTPUT remove reg 15 remove reg 16 remove reg 17 remove reg OUTPUT

High Level Language Java: System.out.println(a+b); // given that a and b are defined

Conclusion A machine cannot understand anything beyond 2 states, on or off, 1 or 0, true or false. This is known as Boolean logic. The transistor is the basic building block of our entire technology. You cannot build a computing machine without something that can hold a state. The integrated circuit is the father of all modern computers and has revolutionized our technology. High level languages allow us to communicate to machines instruction to be followed and operations to be performed.