محاضرة رقم (20) 11/11/2009.

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محاضرة رقم (20) 11/11/2009

محاضرة رقم (20) 16/11/2009

الحفز الإنساني التوجيه Motivation Leadership Communication الاتصالات القيادة

LEADERSHIP THEORIES Government Agencies are facing major challenges: Regulatory changes are driving gov agencies to find ways to reduce the amount of time it takes to service citizens and to reduce the cost and achieve consistent value to all customers everywhere e-business has changed and continues to change the business model by opening a channel to new markets that require different services The customer demographics have changed -- products and services and how they are offered must change Customers are becoming more and more sophisticated and have high service expectations -- and the competition is just a click away These forces demand strategic responses Leverage technology to improve operations and reduce costs By improving the quality and level of services provided to citizens, government agencies can improve their overall public perception and improve customer satisfaction. By integrating disparate systems agencies can realize a substantial increase in productivity and performance

نظرية السماتTraits Theories العنود السبعان

الانتقادات هناك صفات خاصة بالقائد يولد بها . والقيادة مسألة وراثية حددت صفات محددة للقادة الناجحين ( الذكاء / قوة الشخصية / الطموح / الشجاعة / الثقة بالنفس ) الانتقادات تجاهلت هذه النظريات احتياجات الإتباع. فشلت في تحديد وترتيب الصفات وأهميتها. أهملت عوامل الموقف.

نموذج الاستمرارية في القيادة (تينانبوم وشميدت) سلطة أكثر مشاركة أكثر ديمقراطي متسلط حرية المرؤوسين سلطة القائد يفوض سلطة اتخاذ القرار يفوض سلطة اتخاذ القرار يعرض المشكلة ويفوض اتخاذ القرار يعرض المشكلة ويفوض اتخاذ القرار يعرض المشكلة مع اقتراحات قرار يعرض المشكلة مع اقتراحات قرار يقدم مشروع قرار مستعد للتغيير يقدم مشروع قرار مستعد للتغيير يتخذ القرار ويناقش يتخذ القرار ويناقش يتخذ القرار ويقنع يتخذ القرار ويقنع القائد يتخذ القرار ويبلغ

النظام التسلطي الاستغلالي النظام الجماعي المشارك نظرية ليكرت في القيادة النظام التسلطي الاستغلالي النظام المركزي النفعي النظام الاستشاري النظام الجماعي المشارك

نموذج الشبكة الإدارية (بليك وموتون) طوَّر كلا ً من بلاك و موتون الشبكة الإدارية لإظهار الانماط القيادية وترتكز على بعدين رئيسين: البعد الأفقي يتعلق بالإنتاج البعد الرأسي يتعلق بالعنصر البشري . ويتحدد نمط القيادة عن طريق التقاء هذين البعدين ( الإنساني / الإنتاجي ) .

9,9 1,9 قيادة الفريق قيادة إنسانية قيادة متوازنة 5,5 قيادة متسلطة ضعيفة 9,1 1,1

النظرية الظرفية لفيدلر ليس هناك أسلوب واحد في القيادة يصلح لكل زمان ومكان, كما انه ليس هناك صفات معينة يجب توافرها في كل قائد, ليس هناك قائد يمكن وصفه بأنه ناجح أو فاشل في كل الأوقات إن فعالية القيادة تعتمد على التوافق بين أسلوب القائد وثلاثة متغيرات هي:- 1- العلاقة بين القائد والمجموعة 2-مدى وضوح مهام العمل 3- درجة القوة في مركز القائد

Hersey and Blanchard’s Situational Leadership Model STYLE OF LEADER Task Behaviour High Low High relationship and low task High task and high relationship Low relationship R1 low relationship (notes cont’d from slide 20) 3. SLT uses the same two leadership dimensions that Fiedler identified: task and relationship behaviour. 4. The two leadership dimensions are considered as either high or low and then combined into four specific leadership styles, as shown in Exhibit 12.7. 5. Research efforts to test and support the theory generally have been disappointing, possibly because of internal ambiguities or inconsistencies in the model itself.

صفات القائد القدرة على الاتصال الوعي الثقة الإحساس والتعاطف

أنواع القادة القادة التقليديون القادة الملهمون يتميزون بالانضباطية في تسيير الأمور والإفراد في منظماتهم ويركزون على تحقيق الأهداف من خلال القرارات الإدارية المتعلقة بالمهام والمكافآت والجوانب التنظيمية. القادة التقليديون يتميزون بقدرتهم على إثارة والهام مرؤوسيهم للقيام بالإعمال وتحقيق انجاز غير عادي ويستخدمون في ذلك سحرهم الشخصي في نقلهم إلى مستويات أعلى في الأداء والعطاء. . القادة الملهمون

شكراً لكم على متابعتكم وحسن إستماعكم ويسرني إستــقبال أسئلتـكم ومداخـلاتـكم