Medieval Europe Review Name ___KEY__________ Period _______ 1. The world’s second smallest continent: Europe 10. Define navigable: water that is deep enough for boat travel 2. The world’s largest landmass: Eurasia 11. The years that the Middle Ages existed: AD 500--1400 3. Three mountains we studied located in Europe: 1. Alps 2. Ural 3. Caucasus 12. Basis of the European economy during the Middle Ages: wealth and power 13. Large estates owned by nobles: manors 14. Workers bound to work on large estates: serfs 4. Define fjord: a narrow inlet 15. These people took an oath of loyalty to the lord: knights 16. A separate manor that is granted to a vassal from the lord: fief 5. How you can describe the climate in Europe: Mild/temperate 17. The wife of the lord: lady 6. What covered Europe over 2,000 years ago? forests 18. The system of organizing and governing society based on land and service created during the Middle Ages: feudalism 7. The process of clearing a forest: deforestation 8. Reason for European farmers clearing the forests: To create more farmable land 19. How was a serf different from a slave? serfs could not be bought or sold 9. Most important industry to the European economy: fishing 20. Only the son of a _noble__could become a knight.

21. Reason for towns developing in the Middle Ages: to provide a marketplace for crop surpluses 32. Someone who devotes their life to religion and lived in a convent: Nuns 22. This was used in the towns to trade with: coined money 33. Someone who devotes their life to religion and lived in a monastery: Monks 23. Title given to the organized groups of traders and craft-workers: guilds 34. Famous monk who wrote the plan for the first monastery: Benedict 24. Frank ruler who became the emperor of Europe in A.D. 800: Charles the Great/Charlemagne 35. How were monasteries like manors? they were self-sufficient 25. Which group of Northern people attacked Europe at the end of Charlemagne’s reign? Vikings/Norsemen 36. A grand church building: cathedral 37. Religious journey to the holy land: pilgrimage 26. Land around the Seine river that was named after the Northern invaders mentioned in #25: Normandy 38. A person who is considered to be especially holy: saint 39. One of the most honored saints of the Middle Ages: Francis of Assisi 27. The Norsemen were originally from: Scandinavia 28. 1st Norman King of England: William the Conqueror 40. Man who urged the Christians to go on the 1st Crusade: Pope Urban II 29. The charter that limited the power of the king and stated that lords had certain rights: Magna Carta 41. Reason for the Christians going on the first Crusade: to capture Jerusalem (Holy Land) from the Muslim Turks 30. Central to Europeans lives during the Middle Ages: Religion 42. Cause of the end of the Middle Ages: Black Death/Plague 31. Purpose of the guilds: to set rules about quality and prices 43. Fraction of the population of Siena, Italy wiped out from the Black Death: 2/3