Acupuncture versus Sham Acupuncture for Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Shaun Wen Huey Lee, MPharm, Men Long Liong, MD, Kah Hay Yuen, PhD, Wing.

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Acupuncture versus Sham Acupuncture for Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Shaun Wen Huey Lee, MPharm, Men Long Liong, MD, Kah Hay Yuen, PhD, Wing Seng Leong, MD, Christopher Chee, MD, Phaik Yeong Cheah, PhD, Weng Pho Choong, Yue Wu, Nurzalina Khan, PhD, Wooi Long Choong, MD, Hin Wai Yap, MD, John N. Krieger, MD The American Journal of Medicine Volume 121, Issue 1, Pages 79.e1-79.e7 (January 2008) DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2007.07.033 Copyright © 2008 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Flow diagram for comparison of acupuncture with sham acupuncture treatment for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Participants were randomly assigned 1:1 to either acupuncture or sham acupuncture using a computer-generated random number table (QuickCalcs, Graphpad Software). Participants received acupuncture or sham acupuncture for 20 total sessions over 10 weeks, with follow-up assessments at weeks 5, 10, 14, 22, and 34. Each participant had a minimum of 27 physician visits, including 2 baseline screening visits (2 weeks apart), 20 visits for treatment with acupuncture or shame acupuncture, and post-therapy visits 4, 12, and 24 weeks after completing the treatment protocol. The American Journal of Medicine 2008 121, 79.e1-79.e7DOI: (10.1016/j.amjmed.2007.07.033) Copyright © 2008 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Double-blind, randomized clinical trial comparing acupuncture with sham acupuncture therapy for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CONSORT diagram). Participants with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome were randomized to receive either acupuncture (n = 44) or sham acupuncture (n = 45) therapy. Of the 89 participants, 82 (92.1%) completed all 20 treatment sessions over 10 weeks, 79 (88.8%) completed the 14-week follow-up, 63 (70.8%) the 22-week follow-up, and 59 (66.3%) completed the 34-week follow-up. The American Journal of Medicine 2008 121, 79.e1-79.e7DOI: (10.1016/j.amjmed.2007.07.033) Copyright © 2008 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Mean NIH-CPSI total scores of 89 chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain patients treated with 20 sessions of either acupuncture (n = 44) or sham acupuncture (n = 45) therapy over 10 weeks. Error bars represent the SD. To enter into the study, each participant had a minimum NIH-CPSI total score of at least 15 (range 0-43) on both baseline visits (indicated as the average in the baseline value). The primary criterion for response was at least a 6-point decrease from baseline to week 10 (end of therapy). There was no significant difference between the NIH-CPSI total scores in the acupuncture and sham acupuncture groups at baseline, week 5 (early during therapy), or weeks 14, 22, and 34 (post-therapy) evaluations. *Of 44 participants in the acupuncture group, 32 (72.7%) met the primary response criterion, compared with 21 (46.7%) of 45 participants in the sham acupuncture group (Fisher’s exact test P = .02). ‡At week 34, 14 (31.8%) of 44 acupuncture group participants had long-term responses (with no additional treatment) compared with 6 (13.3%) of 45 sham acupuncture group participants (RR 2.39, 95% CI, 1.0-5.6, Fisher’s exact test P = .04). The American Journal of Medicine 2008 121, 79.e1-79.e7DOI: (10.1016/j.amjmed.2007.07.033) Copyright © 2008 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions