DILBERT

Dilbert

Best Buy 2010-2-7

Engr 1202 ECE Grading Spreadsheet

Materials Conductive materials – valence band overlaps the conduction band Non conductive materials – valence band is separated from conduction band and electrons can not easily get to the conduction band Semiconductor materials – conduction band is close to valence band and electrons can easily jump from the valence band to the conduction band with an energy source

Silicon Silicon is an element Silicon is the first or second most abundant element on the earth Sand is a form of silicon Silicon is know as a semiconductor because under certain conditions it can conduct electricity (electrons) Silicon is the most widely used material for today’s microelectronics Silicon was not the first semiconductor material used, germanium was first.

Group 4

Silicon From the periodic chart you can see that silicon is a group 4 element Group 4 elements have 4 electrons in their outer most electron shell Germanium is also a group 4 element

Why is silicon an excellent microelectronics material? It is very abundant It can be grown into a single orientation crystal It can be made electrically active easily It can be made to conduct electrons with a small applied potential It has a naturally forming oxide that acts as an insulating and diffusion barrier

Two dimensional schematic of three dimensional crystal

Group 3 Elements

P type doping – Positive, electron short, also called a hole

Group 5 elements

N-type doping – N is negative, electron rich

Combing n-type silicon and p-type silicon gives a pn junction

The future Silicon will continue to play a dominant role but other semiconductor materials will play an increasing role III-V semiconductor materials made from group III and group V elements are now common ( GaAs, InP, AlN ) II-VI semiconductor materials are being investigated for special applications SiC, “diamond like carbon”, and SiGe are also of interest

The project Your team is interested in forming a technology company Your idea is to create miniature antenna that can be used in wireless electronic devices You will pick an application, design an antenna for the application, fabricate the antenna in the microelectronics clean room, analyze the design, and determine market and economic viability

Assignment Consider the options for your project: Cellular phone antenna (watch size) Bluetooth and Wi-Fi antenna RFID antenna Determine which option you would like to use based on future potential