Ch. 27 – What is a Plant? Pg. 559 Why do you & I need plants? Food, medicines, oxygen, clothing, ect. Cultivating or growing plants began in the middle East approximately 11,000 years ago Wheat & Barley were the 1st crops Why would people rather cultivate crops than let them grow wild? Better production, disease resistant, drought tolerant.

4 main groups of food plants 1. Cereals – wheat, corn , rice, oats, ect. 2. Legumes – produce seeds that are covered in pods. Peas, soybeans, peanuts 3. Root Crops – store nutrients in the roots. Carrots, potatoes, radishes 4. Fruits – mature ovaries that surround the seeds of the plant Berries  tomatoes, blueberries, cranberries Pome  apple & pear Nuts  walnut, pecan, almonds, coconut Table 29-1 (pg. 562)

Table 29-3 Is it possible to go 1 day without using a plant product? What are some medicines that come from plants? Aspirin – Salicylic acid Most of our clothes comes from plants. Cotton, linens (flax plant) What are some other important uses? Paper, oils, sugars, waxes, rubber Other nonfood uses of plants? Dyes, fuels, building, etc. Table 29-3

Taxonomy of Organisms 7 Levels of Classification 1. Kingdom 2. Phylum 4. Order 5. Family 6. Genus 7. Specific Epithet (species) Genus and Specific Epithet are underlined Specific Epithet is lower case

Plant & The Environment Plant Ecology – interaction between plants and the environment. Examples: amount of light needed, amount of fertilizer needed, soil contents, etc. Name some strategies plants use for attracting insects. Smell, color, size, shape, etc. Plants also rely on bacteria and fungi for growing strategies.

Plants are very creative when it comes to survival. Most plants use mycorrhizoids (lumps in the roots) due to a fungus, which provides more absorption. Most plants rely on bacteria in the soil to consume nitrogen in the air and make it useful for the plants as a fertilizer. Plants are very creative when it comes to survival. Seed dispersal, pollen dispersal, leaf arrangement to capture light, some are poisonous, some are harmful (tobacco, cocaine, opium),

Meiosis – Reduction of division Mitosis – Cell division Vegetative growth How gametes are produced Egg & sperm are produced by meiosis. Video Clip REVIEW THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD