Write down what you think this picture shows. Thinking Point Write down what you think this picture shows.

Treatment of Jews and Other ‘Undesirables’ Lesson starter: ‘’Nobody knows why Hitler hated the Jews so much.’’ Write down some of the reasons historians have given for Hitler’s hatred of Jews.

We are learning to… I can… Describe the Nazi Party’s views on race. Identify the ways in which the Nazis discriminated against the Jewish population. I can… Create a timeline outlining the impact of Nazi policy on Jews. Explain how life changed for persecuted groups using my knowledge in a N5 answer.

Hitler had used Mein Kampf to write down his ideas about the Jewish Race. He believed there were superior races such as Aryans. These were fair skinned people like Germans. Jews and people from Balkan countries (ie Serbia) were far below Aryans in his ideas. Untermensch = sub human He also believed people were Jewish by blood, so they could not change this.

Hitler wanted to get rid of all the people he hated. Hitler provided reasons for the groups he hated – but they were prejudiced views. He built on existing anti-Semitism in Germany. He blamed the Jews for bad times in Germany’s past.

Jews Hitler believed they were responsible for Germany losing WWI. He said they created Communism. That they were rich and ruthless. That they made Germany weak and brought nothing to the country.

How did life change for German Jews?

Stage 1 Petty Harrassment

Mainly public discrimination 1 April 1933 – boycott of Jewish businesses Burning of Jewish books Many Jews made to leave their jobs and army Anti-Jewish propaganda Children’s games were anti-Jewish Yellow park benches Jews encouraged to leave Germany without their possessions 1934 – all Jewish businesses identified with ‘Juden’ on window

Stage 2 Nuremberg Laws

Nuremberg Laws 1935 Took away German citizenship from Jews Marriage between Jews and Aryans illegal Jewish businesses disbanded Jewish doctors, lawyers not allowed to have Aryan clients Jews had a J stamped on their passports Aryan women under 45 not allowed to work for Jews

Stage 3 Kristallnacht

Kristallnacht The night of broken Glass 9-10 November 1938 The SS (Hitler’s Bodyguard) destroyed Jewish shops, businesses and synagogues across Germany 91 Jews killed Around 20,000 sent to camps 400 synagogues burnt down Over 7500 Jewish shops destroyed Nazis blame it on Jewish community and fine them 1 billion marks

Video clips http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/nazi-book-burnings-remembered/7196.html http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/kristallnacht/3278.html http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/kristallnacht-remembered/7197.html

Timeline of Jewish persecution You are going to create a timeline on a new double page Start at 1 April 1933 All the important events which persecuted the Jews can be found on pages 79-82 of the textbook in chronological order Try to add in how each change/ law altered the lives of Jewish people

Timeline of Persecution 1933 1939

1933 1935 1938

Other Groups Whilst many victims of Nazi persecution were Jewish, others were targeted. Many scientists at this time believed that people with disabilities or social problems needed to be eliminated from the human bloodline. They were also utterly racist and argued that some groups were ‘untermensch’.

Copy Group Reason for persecution Result Gypsies Contributed nothing to society. 85% of German gypsies were killed. Black people Considered to be racially inferior. Sterilisation and targets of Nuremberg laws. Disabled people Cost too much money and should not be allowed to reproduce. Mentally disabled babies killed, mentally ill patients killed, sterilisation. A-Socials (such as drug users) Issues were considered to be hereditary. Sterilised and sent to CC. Jehovah’s Witnesses Would not idolise Hitler. Sent to CC. Homosexuals Would not reproduce. Copy

Homework Task Due: Explain why life became difficult for those targeted by the Nazis in Germany between 1933 and 1939. 6 marks Describe the events of Kristallnacht 1938. 4 marks